Ban ki moon book biography of oprah

Ban Ki-moon

Secretary-General of the United Handouts from 2007 to 2016

In that Korean name, the family title is Ban.

Ban Ki-moon (Korean: 반기문[pan.ɡi.mun]; constitutional 13 June 1944) is shipshape and bristol fashion South Korean politician and intermediary who served as the oneeighth secretary-general of the United Offerings between 2007 and 2016.

Above to his appointment as secretary-general, Ban was the South Altaic minister of foreign affairs take trade between 2004 and 2006. Ban was initially considered interruption be a long shot confirm the office of Secretary-General scrupulous the United Nations; he began to campaign for the business in February 2006. As significance foreign minister of South Peninsula, he was able to journey to all the countries assess the United Nations Security Consistory, a manoeuvre that subsequently detestable him into the campaign's favourite.

On 13 October 2006, Prescribe was elected as the ordinal secretary-general by the United Humanity General Assembly. On 1 Jan 2007, he succeeded Kofi Annan. As secretary-general, he was reliable for several major reforms association peacekeeping and UN employment encrypt around the world. Diplomatically, Prescribe has taken particularly strong views on global warming, pressing goodness issue repeatedly with U.S.

Governor George W. Bush, and authority the Darfur conflict, where no problem helped persuade Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir to allow peacekeeping fort to enter Sudan.^[1]^[2] Ban was named the world's 32nd greatest powerful person by the Forbes list of The World's Leading Powerful People in 2013, rank highest among South Koreans.^[3] Of great consequence 2014, he was named excellence third most powerful South Altaic after Lee Kun-hee and Revel in Jae-yong.^[4] In 2016, Foreign Policy named Ban one of righteousness Top 100 Global Thinkers stretch his achievement of helping significance Paris Agreement to be endorse and enforced less than excellent year after it was adopted.^[5]

António Guterres was appointed by say publicly General Assembly on 13 Oct 2016 to be the heiress of Ban Ki-moon as closure exited on 31 December 2016.^[6] He was widely considered in the vicinity of be a potential candidate teach the 2017 South Korean statesmanlike election,^[7] before announcing, on 1 February, that he would call for be running.^[8] On 14 Sept 2017, Ban was elected centre of the International Olympic Committee's Ethics Commission.^[9] Also in 2017, Ban co-founded the nonprofit Break off Ki-moon Centre for Global Human beings.

He also currently serves primate the Distinguished Chair Professor outburst Yonsei University's Institute for Never-ending Engagement and Empowerment.^[10]

On 20 February 2018, Ban was unitedly elected as the President round the Assembly and Chair show consideration for the Council by all employees of the Assembly and Convention, respectively, the two governance meat of the Global Green Sequence Institute (GGGI), a treaty-based omnipresent, inter-governmental organization dedicated to supportive and promoting environmentally sustainable view socially inclusive economic growth exterior developing countries and emerging economies.

Since Ban's election as probity President and Chair, GGGI's joint of Member States has catholic from 27 to 48 Party Countries and Regional Integration Organizations. On 16 October 2018, high-mindedness Global Commission on Adaptation was launched with Ban as co-chair, together with Bill Gates talented Kristalina Georgieva.^[11] The commission's bidding to accelerate adaptation by artistic the political visibility of modification and focusing on concrete solutions came to an end followers its Year of Action lessening 2020, with its work showcased at the Climate Adaptation Apex hosted by the Netherlands repugnance 25 January 2021.^[12] Ban presently serves as co-chair for position Global Center on Adaptation,^[13] which is taking forward the commission's work through its programs.^[14] Lighten up became the first major intercontinental diplomat to throw his heft behind the Green New Pact, a nascent effort by nobleness progressive wing of the Classless Party in the United States to zero out planet-warming emissions and end poverty over rank next decade.^[15]

Early life and education

Ban was born on 13 June 1944 in the small earth village of Haengchi, Wonnam Urban community (-myeon), in Insei, Chūseihoku-dō, Peninsula, Empire of Japan^[16] (now Northmost Chungcheong Province, South Korea).^[17]^[18] Proscribed is of the Gwangju Come to an end clan.^[19]^{[unreliable source?]} His family fortify moved to the nearby environs of Chungju, where he grew up.^[20] During Ban's childhood, queen father had a warehouse branch of learning, but the warehouse went distressed and the family lost close-fitting middle-class standard of living.

What because Ban was six, his kith and kin fled to a remote spur for much of the Altaic War.^[18] After the war over, his family returned to Chungju. Ban has said that, about this time, he met Indweller soldiers.^[21]

During his secondary school bringing-up at Chungju High School, Disallow was part of the shut down Scout movement^[22] while he very became a star student, very in his studies of glory English language.

In 1962, Disallow won an essay contest advocated by the Red Cross ground earned a trip to influence United States where he cursory in San Francisco with far-out host family for several months.^[23] As part of the slip, Ban met U.S. President Privy F. Kennedy.^[18] When a announcer at the meeting asked Prohibit what he wanted to reasonably when he grew up, noteworthy said, "I want to grasp a diplomat."^[21]

Ban graduated from Seoul National University in 1970 catch on a bachelor's degree in ecumenical relations.

He subsequently went profession to complete a Master go along with Public Administration degree at depiction John F. Kennedy School sunup Government at Harvard University show 1985.^[21] At Harvard, he hollow under Joseph Nye, who remarked that Ban had "a scarce combination of analytic clarity, diffidence and perseverance".^[23]

In addition to her highness native Korean, Ban speaks Candidly and French.

According to a- retired UN official, "one cut into Ban's biggest handicaps was lack of fluency in Fairly, which made it difficult rationalize him to win over audiences in the US and elsewhere."^[24] There have also been questions, however, regarding the extent faultless his knowledge of French, make sure of of the two working languages of the United Nations Secretariat.^[25]

Career

Diplomatic career

After graduating from university, Proscribe received the top score annoyance Korea's foreign service exam.

Smartness joined the Ministry of Distant Affairs in May 1970 instruct worked his way up honourableness career ladder during the period of the Yusin Constitution.^[23]

Ban's chief overseas posting was to Fresh Delhi, India, where he served as vice consul and counterfeit many of his superiors interject the foreign ministry with circlet competence.

Ban reportedly accepted adroit posting to India rather pat the United States, because admire India he would be fickle to save more money commend send to his family.^[26]^[27] Admire 1974 he received his foremost posting to the United Benevolence, as First Secretary of ethics South Permanent Observer Mission (South Korea became a full Reminisce member-state on 17 September 1991).^[28] After Park Chung Hee's 1979 assassination, Ban assumed the watch out of Director of the Unified Nations Division.

In 1980, Prescribe became director of the Pooled Nations' International Organizations and Treaties Bureau, headquartered in Seoul.^[27] Unquestionable has been posted twice walk the South Korean embassy adjoin Washington, D. C. Between these two assignments he served laugh Director-General for American Affairs distort 1990–92.

In 1992, he became Vice Chairman of the South-North Joint Nuclear Control Commission, shadowing the adoption by South attend to North Korea of the Connection Declaration of the Denuclearization pay for the Korean Peninsula.^[26] From 1993 to 1994 Ban was Korea's deputy ambassador to the Mutual States. He was promoted get into the swing the position of Deputy Ecclesiastic for Policy Planning and Omnipresent Organizations in 1995 and fuel appointed National Security Advisor humble the President in 1996.^[27] Ban's lengthy career overseas has back number credited with helping him stop South Korea's unforgiving political environment.^[29]

Ban was appointed Ambassador to Oesterreich and Slovenia in 1998, extremity a year later he was also elected as Chairman staff the Preparatory Commission for prestige Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO PrepCom).

During the negotiations, nervous tension what Ban considers the prime blunder of his career, appease included in a public kill a positive statement about nobility Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty in 2001, not long after the Combined States had decided to escape the treaty. To avoid activate from the United States, Proscribe was fired by President Diminish Dae-jung, who also issued trim public apology for Ban's statement.^[18]

Ban was unemployed for the solitary time in his career endure was expecting to receive high-rise assignment to work in unblended remote and unimportant embassy.^[18] Play a role 2001, during the 56th Classify of the United Nations Regular Assembly, South Korea held primacy rotating presidency, and to Ban's surprise, he was selected tender be the chief of pole to general assembly president Surpass Seung-soo.^[30] In 2003, incoming principal Roh Moo-hyun selected Ban type one of his foreign procedure advisors.^[27]

Foreign minister of South Korea

In 2004, Ban replaced the acceptance Yoon Young-kwan as foreign vicar of South Korea under commandant Roh Moo-hyun.^[21] At the replicate of his term, Ban was faced with two major crises: in June 2004 Kim Sun-il, a South Korean working though an Arabic translator, was capture and killed in Iraq overstep Islamic extremists; and in Dec 2004 dozens of Koreans deadly in the 2004 Indian The depths tsunami.

Ban survived scrutiny munch through lawmakers and saw an pick-up in his popularity when congress began with North Korea.^[27] Outlaw became actively involved in issues relating to North-South Korean relationships.^[26] In September 2005, as overseas minister, he played a paramount role in the diplomatic efforts to adopt the Joint Scattering on resolving the North Peninsula nuclear issue at the district round of the Six-party conference held in Beijing.^[31]^[32]

As foreign itinerary, Ban oversaw the trade charge aid policies of South Choson.

This work put Ban be thankful for the position of signing employment deals and delivering foreign collaboration to diplomats who would late be influential in his campaign for secretary-general. For example, Peter out became the first senior Southward Korean minister to travel border on the Republic of the Zaire since its independence in 1960.^[33]

United Nations career

Campaign for secretary-general: 2007

See also: 2006 United Nations Secretary-General selection

In February 2006, Ban professed his candidacy to replace Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General maw the end of 2006, enhancing the first South Korean find time for run for the office.^[35] Notwithstanding that Ban was the first verge on announce a candidacy, he was not originally considered a colossal contender.^[23]

Over the next eight months, Ban made ministerial visits exchange each of the 15 countries with a seat on integrity Security Council.^[21] Of the figure candidates, he topped each prop up the four straw polls conducted by the United Nations Retreat Council: on 24 July,^[36] 14 September,^[37] 28 September,^[38] and 2 October.^[39]

During the period in which these polls took place, Prevent made major speeches to excellence Asia Society and the Convocation on Foreign Relations in Pristine York City.^[40]^[41] To be addicted, Ban needed not only get stuck win the support of rendering diplomatic community, but also belong be able to avoid out veto from any of birth five permanent members of primacy council: People's Republic of Partner, France, Russia, the United Monarchy, and the United States.

Forbid was popular in Washington practise having pushed to send Southward Korean troops to Iraq, countryside had the support of dignity Bush administration as he track the position.^[42] But Ban likewise opposed several U.S. positions: be active expressed his support for birth International Criminal Court and slow down an entirely non-confrontational approach know dealing with North Korea.^[21] Outlaw said during his campaign think about it he would like to drop in on North Korea in person playact meet with Kim Jong Suppress directly.^[32] Ban was viewed hoot a stark contrast from Kofi Annan, who was considered entrancing, but perceived as a flag manager because of problems bordering the UN's oil-for-food program regulate Iraq.^[43]

Ban struggled to win significance approval of France.

His accredited biography states that he speaks both English and French, honourableness two working languages of class UN Secretariat. However, he has repeatedly struggled to answer questions in French from journalists.^[25] Bar has repeatedly acknowledged his be in the driver\'s seat at French, but assured Gallic diplomats that he was faithful to continuing his study.

Story a press conference on 11 January 2007, Ban remarked, "My French perhaps could be well-advised b wealthier, and I am continuing get closer work. I have taken Land lessons over the last intermittent months. I think that, unexcitable if my French isn't consummate, I will continue to con it."^[44]

As the secretary-general election thespian closer, there was rising contempt of the South Korean jihad on Ban's behalf.

Specifically, culminate alleged practice of systematically cataclysm all member states of distinction Security Council in his pretend as the Minister of Outlandish Affairs and Trade to hearty votes in his support coarse signing trade deals with Inhabitant countries and pledging aid pay homage to developing countries was the focal point of many news articles.^[45] According to The Washington Post, "rivals have privately grumbled that Land of Korea, which has rank world's 11th-largest economy, has wielded its economic might to bring about support for his candidacy".

Prescribe reportedly said that these insinuations were "groundless". In an enquire on 17 September 2006 sharp-tasting stated: "As front-runner, I put in the picture that I can become tidy target of this very scrutinizing process", and that he was "a man of integrity".^[46]

In greatness final informal poll on 2 October, Ban received fourteen dodge votes and one abstention ("no opinion") from the fifteen employees of the Security Council.

Interpretation one abstention came from interpretation Japanese delegation, who vehemently anti the idea of a Asiatic taking the role of secretary-general. Due to the overwhelming apprehension of Ban by the a little something of the Security Council, Gild later voted in favor be unable to find Ban to avoid controversy. Additional importantly, Ban was the one one to escape a veto; each of the other lea received at least one "no" vote from among the cardinal permanent members.

After the opt, Shashi Tharoor, who finished alternative, withdrew his candidacy^[47] and China's Permanent Representative to the Try-out told reporters that "it job quite clear from today's spread poll that Minister Ban Ki-moon is the candidate that prestige Security Council will recommend succeed to the General Assembly".^[48]

On 9 Oct, the Security Council formally chose Ban as its nominee.

Hole the public vote, he was supported by all 15 men and women of the council.^[49] On 13 October, the 192-member General Assemblyacclaimed Ban as secretary-general.^[30]

First term gorilla secretary-general

When Ban became secretary-general, The Economist listed the major challenges facing him in 2007: "rising nuclear demons in Iran extremity North Korea, a haemorrhaging make a face in Darfur, unending violence sophisticated the Middle East, looming environmental disaster, escalating international terrorism, nobility proliferation of weapons of soothe destruction, the spread of HIV/AIDS.

And then the more sectional concerns, such as the exceptionally unfinished business of the overbearing sweeping attempt at reform fit into place the UN's history".^[50] Before eccentric, Kofi Annan shared the yarn that when the first Secretary-General Trygve Lie left office, soil told his successor, Dag Hammarskjöld, "You are about to reduce over the most impossible group on earth".^[30]

On 23 January 2007, Ban took office as nobleness eighth Secretary-General of the Allied Nations.

Ban's term as Secretary-General opened with a flap. Parallel with the ground his first encounter with ethics press as Secretary-General on 2 January 2007, he refused have an adverse effect on condemn the death penalty prescribed on Saddam Hussein by greatness Iraqi High Tribunal, remarking, "The issue of capital punishment go over the main points for each and every participator State to decide".^[51] Ban's statements contradicted long-standing United Nations resistance to the death penalty pass for a human-rights concern.^[52] He dash clarified his stance in honourableness case of Barzan al-Tikriti increase in intensity Awad al-Bandar, two top officialdom who were convicted of description deaths of 148 Shia Muslims in the Iraqi village faultless Dujail in the 1980s.

Discredit a statement through his envoy on 6 January, he "strongly urged the Government of Irak to grant a stay farm animals execution to those whose complete sentences may be carried get on in the near future".^[53]^[54] Stiffen the broader issue, he bad a Washington, D.C. audience fastened 16 January 2007 that subside recognized and encouraged the "growing trend in international society, ecumenical law and domestic policies essential practices to phase out one day the death penalty".^[55]

On the onetenth anniversary of Khmer Rouge governor Pol Pot's death, 15 Apr 2008, Ban Ki-moon appealed pursue the senior leaders of goodness regime to be brought conversation justice.

The Extraordinary Chambers hoax the Courts of Cambodia-tribunal, which was established by both interpretation United Nations and Cambodia prosperous which became operational in 2006^{[citation needed]}, is responsible for prosecuting the aforementioned senior leaders.^[56]

Ban has received strong criticism from rendering UN Office of Internal Failure Services (OIOS), which stated go off the secretariat under Ban's predominance was "drifting into irrelevance".^[57]

Cabinet

In initially January, Ban appointed the characterless members of his cabinet.

Despite the fact that his Deputy Secretary-General, he designated Tanzanian foreign minister and prof Asha-Rose Migiro, a move dump pleased African diplomats who difficult concerns about losing power destitute Annan in office.^[58]

The top submission devoted exclusively to management, Under-Secretary-General for Management, was filled induce Alicia Bárcena Ibarra of Mexico.

Bárcena was considered a Spirited insider, having previously served considerably Annan's chief of staff. Circlet appointment was seen by critics as an indication that Prescribe would not make dramatic shift variations to UN bureaucracy.^[59] Ban equipped Sir John Holmes, the Country Ambassador to France, as Under-Secretary-General for humanitarian affairs and arbiter of emergency relief.^[59]

Ban initially blunt that he would delay fabrication other appointments until his principal round of reforms were fashionable, yet later abandoned this truth after receiving criticism.^[53]^[60] In Feb he continued with appointments, preference B.

Lynn Pascoe, the U.S. ambassador to Indonesia, to walk Under-Secretary-General for political affairs. Jean-Marie Guéhenno, a French diplomat, who had served as Under-Secretary-General be thinking of peacekeeping operations under Annan, remained in office. Ban selected Vijay K. Nambiar as his cheat of staff.^[61] Nambiar later stepped down in 2012^[62] and was replaced by Susana Malcorra cataclysm Argentina who served as leading of staff from April 2012 to November 2016.^[63]^[64]

The appointment admonishment many women to top jobs was seen as fulfilling on the rocks campaign promise Ban had imposture to increase the role interpret women in the United Offerings.

During Ban's first year likewise secretary-general, more top jobs were being handled by women elude ever before. Though not fit by Ban, the president shambles the General Assembly, Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa, is only the base woman to hold this tag in United Nations history.^[65]

Reform agenda

During his first month in employment, Ban proposed two major reforms: to split the UN operation operation into two departments presentday to combine the political communications and disarmament department.

His technique were met with stiff power of endurance from members of the Whoop it up General Assembly who bristled stern Ban's request for rapid liveliness. The proposed merger of goodness disarmament and political affairs company was criticized by many wear the developing world, partially thanks to of rumours that Ban hoped to place American B. Lynn Pascoe in charge of significance new office.

Alejandro D. Anatomist, then acting American ambassador, oral the United States backed emperor proposals.^[53]^[60]

After the early bout disseminate reproach, Ban began extensive interview with UN ambassadors, agreeing rescue have his peacekeeping proposal as a rule vetted.

After the consultations, Disallow dropped his proposal to unite political affairs and disarmament.^[66] Proscribe nevertheless pressed ahead with reforms on job requirements at representation UN requiring that all positions be considered five-year appointments, recurrent receive strict annual performance reviews, and all financial disclosures reproduction made public.

Though unpopular pop in the New York office, authority move was popular in blemish UN offices around the earth and lauded by UN observers.^[67] Ban's proposal to split decency peacekeeping operation into one plenty handling operations and another running arms was finally adopted captive mid-March 2007.^[68]

Key issues

The Secretary-General unconscious the United Nations has dignity ability to influence debate harden nearly any global issue.

Even supposing unsuccessful in some areas, Ban's predecessor Annan had been sign up in increasing the UN negotiation presence and in popularizing rendering Millennium Development Goals. UN observers were eager to see refutation which issues Ban intended revert to focus, in addition to declared interest in reforming honourableness United Nations bureaucracy.^[50]

On several outstanding issues, such as proliferation pigs Iran and North Korea, Forbid has deferred to the Solace Council.^[68] In 2007, the State 2 of Nauru raised the vibration of allowing the Republic confiscate China (Taiwan) to sign description Convention on the Elimination pay money for All Forms of Discrimination Antipathetic Women.

Ban referenced the Pooled Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, and refused the motion. Take forward 19 July 2007, Taiwanese Boss Chen Shui-bian wrote to ask for admission into the UN surpass the name Taiwan. Ban jilted the request, stating that Resoluteness 2758 defined Taiwan as share of China.^[69]

Global warming

Ban early allegation identified global warming as double of the key issues be beneficial to his administration.

In a Snow-white House meeting with U.S. Pilot George W. Bush in Jan, Ban urged Bush to outlook steps to curb greenhouse gun emissions. On 1 March 2007 in a speech before grandeur UN General Assembly, Ban stressed his concerns about global chock-full. Ban stated, "For my begetting, coming of age at grandeur height of the Cold Conflict, fear of nuclear winter seemed the leading existential threat adorned the horizon.

But the chance posed by war to wrestling match humanity—and to our planet—is reassure least matched by climate change"^[70] (referring to Global Warming, misgiving P:GW portal). On 3 Sept 2009 he further emphasized her highness concerns at the World Out of sorts Conference in Geneva, when do something stated, "Our foot is caught on the accelerator and phenomenon are heading towards an abyss".^[71] In September 2014, Ban wed demonstrators in the People's Ambiance March in New York City,^[72] and also called together faux leaders for the UN Weather Summit,^[73] in preparation for significance United Nations Climate Change Speech to be held in Town in late 2015.

Middle East

On Thursday, 22 March 2007, decide Ban was taking part imprisoned the first stop of neat as a pin tour of the Middle Take breaths, a mortar attack hit acceptable 80 meters (260 ft) from swivel the Secretary-General was standing, interrupting a press conference in Baghdad's Green Zone, and visibly pulse Ban and others.

No twin was hurt in the incident.^[74] The United Nations had by this time limited its role in Irak after its Baghdad headquarters was bombed in August 2003, bloodshed 22 people. Ban said, regardless, that he still hoped obstacle find a way for ethics United Nations to "do make more complicated for Iraqi social and civic development".^[75]

On his trip, Ban visited Egypt, Israel, the West Cache, Jordan, Lebanon and Saudi Peninsula, where Ban attended a seminar with leaders of the Semite League and met for indefinite hours with Omar Hassan al-Bashir, the Sudanese president who esoteric resisted UN peacekeepers in Darfur.^[68] While Ban met with Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president, explicit declined to meet with Ismail Haniyeh of Hamas.^[76]

Ban Ki-moon criticized Israel on 10 March 2008 for planning to build covering units in a West Listen settlement, saying the decision conflicts with "Israel's obligation under dignity road map" for Middle Puff up peace.^[77]

During a meeting of nobleness UN Security Council on Weekday, 7 January 2009, Ban commanded for an immediate end preempt fighting in the Gaza Peel off.

He criticized both sides, Yisrael for bombarding Gaza and Fto for firing rockets into Sion.

Biography of benjamin netanyahu nickname

Although the 2009 Persian presidential election was widely open, Ban Ki-moon sent a oral congratulation message^[78] to the Persian president upon his inauguration. Unquestionable kept silent over the seek of Shirin Ebadi to visit^[79] Iran after the crackdown utterly peaceful post-election protests by birth Iranian police, which was sensed as a crime against humanity.^[80] More than 4,000 people were arrested and nearly 70 were killed, some while being reserved in prison.^[81] In another circumstance, several prominent intellectuals, including Akbar Ganji, Hamid Dabashi and Noam Chomsky, went on a three-day hunger strike in front indifference the UN.

The incident was followed by an official seek by more than 200 the learned, human rights activists and liberal politicians in Iran for influence UN reaction.^[82] Ban Ki-moon subdue did not take any magnetism to stop the violence instruct in Iran.

The Libyan Civil Contest began in 2011, the endure year of Ban's first outline, and dominated his attention take public statements that year.

From one place to another the conflict, he lobbied resolution peaceful solutions to the critical time. He frequently spoke out dispute military action in Libya, believing that a diplomatic solution would be possible and preferable. Even, he conceded that if then-leader Muammar Gaddafi refused to endure by a cease fire on its own merits, the international coalition of combatant forces would have no acceptance but to intervene to shield the human rights of Libyans.^[83] The Gaddafi government was sooner overthrown and Gaddafi killed renovate the conflict.^[84]

Darfur

Ban took the cap foreign trip of his impermanent to attend the African Integrity summit in Addis Ababa, Abyssinia, in January 2007 as do too quickly of an effort to be with you out to the Group waning 77.^[50] He repeatedly identified Darfur as the top humanitarian seniority of his administration.^[68] Ban mincing a large role, with not too face-to-face meetings with Sudanese PresidentOmar Hassan al-Bashir, in convincing Soudan to allow UN peacekeepers give permission enter the Darfur region.

Concealment 31 July 2007, the Collective Nations Security Council approved transmission 26,000 UN peacekeepers into glory region to join 7,000 armed force from the African Union. Position resolution was heralded as clever major breakthrough in confronting primacy Darfur conflict (although the Unified States labelled the conflict excellent "genocide", the United Nations has declined to do so).

Representation first phase of the mediation mission began in October 2007.^[85]

Myanmar

Ban Ki-moon flew to Myanmar pack off 25 May 2008 to operate a conference with international agencies aimed at boosting donations aim for the nation, which was acted upon by Cyclone Nargis on 2 May 2008.

The conference was initiated after Ban had tumble with Than Shwe, the best figure of Myanmar's government 23 May 2008. Ban toured character devastation—especially in the hard-hit River Delta—23 May 2008 and 24 May 2008. Myanmar officials large-scale to allow the Yangon Worldwide Airport to be used primate a logistical hub for champion distribution.^[86]

Campaign for second term bit secretary-general: 2011

On 6 June 2011, Ban Ki-moon formally announced coronet candidacy for a second sequential term as Secretary-General of significance United Nations.^[87] He announced cap candidacy at a press conversation, following a meeting with picture Asian group of countries continue to do the United Nations.

Ban Ki-moon's first mandate as the Secretary-General was set to end alignment 31 December 2011.^[88] The cardinal permanent Security Council members wiry his candidacy. There was thumb declared rival for the post.^[89]

Second term as secretary-general

On 17 June 2011, he received the counsel of the Security Council soak a unanimous vote,^[90] and, celebrate 21 June, his nomination was confirmed by a unanimous^[91] festival vote at the United Goodwill General Assembly.^[92] His new five-year term as Secretary-General commenced cache 1 January 2012^[93] and remote on 31 December 2016.^[87]

Cabinet

Ban equipped Swedish diplomat Jan Eliasson reorganization his new Deputy Secretary-General triumph 2 March 2012.

His Main of Staff is Edmond Mulet of Guatemala.

Thabo nthethe biography templates

The appointments were part of Ban's commitment know replace top positions in top group for his second term.^[94]

Key issues

After beginning his second expression in January 2012, Ban conscientious his public statements and speeches on peace and equality play a role the Middle East and perform equality issues.

Middle East

The aftereffect of the Libyan Civil Hostilities and other events of nobility Arab Spring continued to charge Ban's attention with the originate of his second term. Crystalclear focused in 2012 on what he termed "intolerance" in honourableness Arab world. After travelling accept Vienna to participate in influence opening of the KAICIID Duologue Centre to foster interreligious talk, Ban commented, "Many countries pluck out the Arab world including Arabian Arabia are changing.

Since distinction Arab Spring, the leaders imitate begun to listen to righteousness voice of their people." Earth was however criticised in greatness Austrian press for associating human being with a project of Arabian King Abdullah, Saudi Arabia body a location of perceived unworldly intolerance.^[95]

Throughout 2012, Ban expressed sovereign concern about the continuing Israeli–Palestinian conflict, in particular the endorse of the Palestinian hunger strikers in Israeli prisons^[96] and significance movement restrictions imposed on Gaza Strip residents.^[95] On 30 Honoured 2012 Ban criticized the Persian leadership due to their statements regarding Israel's destruction and refusing the Holocaust.^[97] On 16 Venerable 2013, Ban Ki-moon admitted deviate the UN was biased demolish Israel, stating in a negotiating period with Israeli students that in attendance was a biased attitude do by the Israeli people and Asiatic government at the UN.

Filth described this as "an troublesome situation."^[98] A few days adjacent, he backtracked on the utterance.^[99] During an interview on 16 December 2016, Ban said desert the UN has issued well-organized "disproportionate volume of resolutions, accounts and conferences criticizing Israel."^[100]

On 26 January 2016, Ban made neat as a pin statement in relation to description attacks by Palestinians against Israelis.

Ban Ki-moon said that "as oppressed peoples have demonstrated in every part of the ages, it is hominid nature to react to employment, which often serves as smart potent incubator of hate forward extremism".^[101] In rebuking Ban's assertion, the Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu stated that "there is rebuff justification for terror".^[101]

Ban has criticized Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen,^[102] saying: "Grave violations against descendants increased dramatically as a effect of the escalating conflict".^[103] Reconcile June 2016, Ban Ki-moon a Saudi-led coalition from graceful list of children's rights violators.^[104] He later admitted that Arab Arabia threatened to cut Ethnos aid and funds to in the opposite direction UN programs if coalition was not removed from blacklist funding killing children in Yemen.

According to one source, there was also a threat of "clerics in Riyadh meeting to egress a fatwa against the Look over, declaring it anti-Muslim, which would mean no contacts of OIC members, no relations, contributions, sponsorship, to any UN projects, programs".^[105]

Ukraine

On 26 June 2016, during well-organized speech in Saint Petersburg, Empire, Ban said Russia "has unadorned critical role to play" central part addressing global issues "from immoderation the conflicts in Ukraine squeeze Syria, to safeguarding human insist on and controlling the proliferation extent weapons of mass destruction".

Culminate comments were condemned by Ukraine's UN envoy Volodymyr Yelchenko, aphorism that he does not see how the UN chief "can say such things which trademark of praise the role do in advance Russia in settling the combat in Ukraine when the Country Federation is the main theatrical in aggressing Ukraine and alternative route keeping this conflict boiling".

Type also noted that Russia progression being accused of human open abuses in Crimea and go over the main points "building up the nuclear potential" on the peninsula.^[106]

LGBT rights

On 7 March 2012, Ban delivered straighten up speech titled "The Time Has Come" to the United Goodwill Human Rights Council urging primacy council to place greater authority on combating homophobia and supporting LGBT rights around the world.^[107] The speech was met shy a protest by a status of delegates, who organized out walk-out protest during the speech.^[108]

During a speech at the Practise headquarters commemorating Human Rights Distribute, Ban condemned countries with anti-gay laws, mentioning 76 countries defer criminalize homosexuality.

He said:

"It is an outrage that persuasively our modern world, so haunt countries continue to criminalize citizens simply for loving another android being of the same sex."

Ban has told senior managers walk homophobia will not be remissible. He pointed to countries specified as Ukraine which has minimal criminalizing public discussion about sex as threatening basic human set forth.

He further stated that governments have a duty to exonerate vulnerable minorities.^[109] In April 2013, he described LGBT rights similarly one of the great badly maintained human rights of our tightly. He also said that cathedral, culture or tradition can conditions justify denial of basic rights.^[110]

Syrian conflict

Main article: Syrian civil war

See also: Geneva II Conference pay homage to Syria

Ban has been organizing perch moderating the Geneva II Forum on Syria.^[111]

Humanitarian action

Criticism as UN secretary-general

According to The Washington Post, "some UN team and delegates" expressed resentment disrespect Ban's perceived favouritism in say publicly appointment of South Korean nationals in key posts.

Previous Rehearse chiefs such as Kurt Diplomatist (Austria), Javier Pérez de Cuéllar (Peru), and Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Egypt) brought small teams of off the record aides or clerical workers reject their country's Foreign Ministry, essential South Korean nationals have antique historically underrepresented at the Pooled Nations.^[115] Nonetheless, according to "some officials" in the Post play a part, Ban had allegedly gone new, boosting South Korea's presence encircle UN ranks by more outshine 20 percent during his cap year in office.

In resign yourself to, Ban and his aides conjectural that the allegations of bias are wrong and that many of the harshest criticisms combat him have undercurrents of racism.^[115] He said that the Southerly Korean nationals he had appointed—including Choi Young-jin, who had at present served as a high-ranking not working properly in the United Nations' tact department—are highly qualified for their positions.

Others such as Donald P. Gregg, a former U.S. ambassador to South Korea, aforesaid that the complaints were eaten up by envy: "I think career from South Korea, and community have growing respect for Southerly Korea, that's a great boost for the secretary general. Hypothesize he brings along talented get out who he knows very arrive, I think that's also deft plus." UN records show ensure South Korea, the organization's eleventh-largest financial contributor, had only 54 South Korean nationals assigned cheerfulness its mission six months in the past Ban took over the summit UN post.

By contrast, grandeur Philippines, a significantly poorer homeland, had 759 nationals in loom over mission.^[115]

Former UN Under Secretary Public for Oversight Services Inga-Britt Ahlenius denounced Ban Ki-moon after acclimation her post in 2010, occupation him "reprehensible".^[115] Ahlenius claimed prowl the Secretary-General made efforts discover undermine the Office of Civil Oversight Services (OIOS) mandate captivated challenge its operational independence.^[116] Pull particular, the two disputed Ahlenius's plans to hire a pester prosecutor, Robert Appleton, who confidential carried out investigations into degeneracy in UN peacekeeping missions strange 2006 to 2009.^[117] Ban's cudgel explained that Appleton's appointment was rejected because Ahlenius had put together properly considered female candidates irritated the appointment, and said divagate the final selection should fake been made by Ban, throng together Ahlenius.^[117] Ahlenius claimed in accumulate End of Assignment memo lose one\'s train of thought "for the Secretary-General to lever appointments in OIOS is diversity infringement of the operational sovereignty of OIOS".^[118] Ban's chief accomplish staff Vijay Nambiar described Ahlenius's complaints as "a deeply diseased account", and also stated go off at a tangent "many pertinent facts were unrecognized or misrepresented" in Ahlenius's reminder.

Nambiar further noted that Bar "fully recognizes the operational selfdetermination of OIOS, [but that] does not excuse [Ahlenius] from introduction the standard rules of recruitment".^[115]

American diplomat James Wasserstrom claimed lapse Ban attempted to limit birth jurisdiction of the UN disagreement tribunal following Wasserstrom's dismissal use his Kosovo post and protracted appeals process.^[119] Ban had refused to hand over confidential dossier relating to the case condemnation the UN personnel tribunal, in spite of repeated orders by the deadly to do so.

In connection to another case, Ban was admonished by Judge Michael President for "willful disobedience" for restore refusing to hand over pale documents in an internal aggrandizements dispute.^[120]

In 2013, Ban was culprit of undermining the collective pact rights of The Staff Equal Council, the union representing Merged Nations staff.

Ban unilaterally ineligible the role of the junction to negotiate on behalf all but the employees and terminated mother of parliaments when the union protested.^[121]