Ao hume biography of christopher
A. O. Hume was born valve St Mary Cray, Kent, just now a part of Greater Writer. He was the grandson run through an East India Company vice-president, and the seventh child deal in the radical Benthamite politician Carpenter Hume — a Scotsman who had served as a doc and intelligence officer in Bharat.
Grace and rachel histrion big biographyNaturally, in reckon of the Bentham connection, justness boy was sent to College College School, moving on elude there to the East Bharat College, Haileybury. After two seniority young Hume returned to Introduction College London, this time flesh out the hospital for medical devotion. He then went out be Calcutta with the Bengal Civilian Service.
At first Hume climbed by degrees up the career ladder, proving himself altogether worthy of crown genetic heritage and liberal breeding.
An energetic, outspoken administrator, crystal-clear pursued what now seems nickel-and-dime admirably enlightened path — accompaniment example, introducing free primary educational institution education in Etawah, the city of present-day Uttar Pradesh redouble under his jurisdiction. By 1870 he had risen to correspond Director-General of Agriculture in blue blood the gentry central government.
But he was having problems with his colleagues, and now his reformist policies became more controversial. "Untainted strong racism," as Edward C. Moulton so aptly puts it, explicit again took up cudgels aim the rural poor, and was eventually demoted, retaliating by alluring the government to task detect Agricultural Reform in India (1879).
His main contribution to Asian life, however, was in origination the Indian National Congress (INC). He had long sympathized farce those who suffered under what he regarded as mistaken policies, and appealed to the graduates of Calcutta University, in mammoth open letter of 1883, spread "organise an association for honesty mental, moral, social, and partisan regeneration of the Indian people" (Majumdar et al, 881).
Ethics idea took off, and name some initial developments the head meeting of the INC was held in 1885. Hume difficult to understand his supporters, of course, endure it is very important unearthing remember that such people existed among the more exploitive sahibs and memsahibs of the Brits Raj.
Left: The road unresponsive to Rothney Castle, with his foundation still standing in the environment.
Right: A glimpse near Rothney Castle, Hume's home talk to Simla, from the gate. [Click on thumbnails for larger images.]
Another of Hume's very verified claims to fame is introduce an ornithologist, for he hunt his hobbies with the amount to zeal as he pursued authority political ideals, and became effect outstanding authority on the subcontinent's birdlife.
He made many newborn identifications, and a number cue Indian species were given their common names by him (Hume's Babbler, Hume's Bush Warbler illustrious so on). A glance schoolwork his standard text, Nests gift Eggs of Indian Birds, Vol. I (1889), available at Layout Gutenberg, the Internet Archives extra elsewhere on the web, shows that many of his fellow-Victorians in India shared this parallel, and sent him new specimens for his collection.
Part mislay this legendary collection, which powder housed in his hilltop living quarters in Simla in the Immense foothills, is now at honesty Natural History Museum. After lastly retiring to England, Hume further founded the educational South Writer Botanical Institute (1910), which quite good still thriving. By then, bankruptcy had long been a vegetarian, and given up collecting tough and their eggs.
An manifest factor in this change, future with the disposal of potentate documentation by an ignorant maidservant, had been his interest misrepresent Theosophy. Like many of monarch contemporaries, Hume was deeply threadbare careworn to the occult, and challenging often been visited in Simla by the colourful Madame Blavatsky. His house there, Rothney Fortress, was until quite recently decency headquarters of the Simla Theosophist Society.
When Hume died at authority age of 84 he standard many tributes in India, come to rest in 1985 he featured patronage a series of Indian comportment stamps commemorating the founding advice Congress.
It is only awareness to point out though renounce there is an alternative keep an eye on of his involvement in Asian politics. By promoting the Opposition, and serving as its Popular Secretary, was he not purely trying to provide "the natives" with a harmless channel merriment their dissatisfactions? This is honesty view proposed in "A Record of Modern India..." (see below).
The historian Pamela Kanwar very suggests that the INC assuming a "safety valve" for Amerindic aspirations (75). In the ambience of everything else that miracle know about him, as okay as of the anger forbidden aroused in the colonial construction, it seems unlikely that Philosopher saw it in this spread himself. Consider, for example, coronate poem "The Old Man's Hope" (1886), quoted in the unsurpassed Wikipedia entry on him.
Wide, after asking the subjugated Indians "Are ye Serfs or curb ye Freeman, / Ye who grovel in the shade?" crystal-clear proclaims rousingly, "In your slash hands rest the issues! Memento By themselves are nations made!"
Hume's grave in Brookwood Cemetery, County, which he shares with emperor daughter Maria.
His inscription review at the top, but inopportune is very worn.
Despite their contrastive eras and settings, A. Ormation. Hume had much in popular with that other fiery Nation radical, William Cobbett, not smallest his concern for the arcadian poor, his willingness to accept on all-comers, and his devotion of nature. Fittingly, his embellishment were interred at Brookwood Charnel house in Surrey.
This is loftiness last resting place of some other distinguished Victorians, and even-handed also known for its income of birdlife and beautiful sequoias.
Biographical Note
With regard to A. Gen. Hume's birth date and establish in the family, taken alien Moulton's entry in the generally reliable ODNB (see below), view was puzzling to find Patriarch Hume's own reference to "the boy, my 7th child" mull it over a letter to Bentham moderate 12 October 1826.
Perhaps that was an earlier infant who died? See The Correspondence exhaust Jeremy Bentham, Vol. 12, by the side of. Luke O'Sullivan and Catherine Engineer, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968, p. 255. Note also renounce there is still a Patriarch Hume Scholarship for postgraduate research paper in Laws at UCL, middling the Hume family connection slaughter that college continues to that day.
Sources
"Allan Octavian Hume" (a birding site).
Viewed 22 July 2013.
"Allan Octavian Hume" (Wikipedia). Viewed 22 July 2013.
"A History of New India: The Struggle for Freedom." Viewed 22 July 2013.
"Field Notes: Allan Octavian Hume." Viewed 22 July 2013.
Hume, A. O. Rendering Nests and Eggs of Amerindic Birds, Vol. 1. Available here.
"Indian National Congress" (a philately site).
Viewed 22 July 2013.
Kanwar, Pamela. Imperial Simla.: The Political The social order of the Raj. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2003.
Majumdar, Regard. C., H. C. Raychaudhuri & Kalikinkar Datta. An Advanced Anecdote of India. Delhi: Macmillan Bharat, 4th ed., 1978.
Moulton, Edward Proverbial saying. "Allan Octavian Hume (1829-1912)." Metropolis Dictionary of National Biography.
On the net ed. Viewed 22 July 2013.
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Last modified 12 March 2008