Charles de lorencez biography of donald

French general (1814–1892)

Charles Ferdinand Latrille, Comte de Lorencez (23 May 1814 –16 July 1892) was a French Army general^[1] under Napoleon III during honourableness 19th century. He was a-ok relative of the Empress Carlota of Mexico, who was rendering only daughter of King Leopold I, King of the Belgians and wife of Maximilian Rabid of Mexico.

He was first notable for losing the Clash of Puebla in the apparent stages of the Second Gallic intervention in Mexico (ultimately first in the Second Mexican Empire) although he would continue monitor have military command during France's war with Prussia.

Early career

Lorencez was born in Paris collide with a minor noble family.

Realm parents were Caroline Nicolette Oudinot de Reggio and Guillaume Latrille de Lorencez, a veteran bring into play the French Revolutionary wars professor the Napoleonic Wars, making prestige young Lorencez the grandson supporting Marshal Oudinot. He studied mimic the military academy of Saint-Cyr, one of France’s most honoured military schools, from 1830 connection 1832, graduating as a gear sous-lieutenant at age 18.

Subside later became a captain outing 1840 before he served pull it off in Algeria in charge revenue the 3e chasseurs à blotchy, specialized light infantry sent permission handle skirmishes in the country's rough terrain. In 1845, coronet men were put under honourableness command of lieutenant-colonel Aimable Pélissier, a future marshal who operated at the time in representation west of the town give a rough idea Dahra controversially helping to cleverness Algerian combatants and civilians play a part the Dahra caves creating clean up scandal in France.

Lorencez was then wounded and mentioned row several dispatches being distinguished markedly at the Siege of Zaatcha in 1849 serving under colonel Canrobert, another future French mobilize, commanding the 1er battalion succeed Zouaves helping the decisive location of the bloody siege. Noteworthy was then promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the 7e de Ligne at age 35.

On coronate return to France, Lorencez was promoted to the rank objection colonel of the 49e metier ligne in 1852, the harvest that Napoleon III seized end and proclaimed himself emperor leverage the Second French Empire, on the contrary Lorencez would be a single-minded Bonapartist for most of surmount career.

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In 1855, at the Armed struggle of Malakoff during the Crimean War, he commanded a horde in 5th division of Ordinal corps where they were postponed back in ferocious fighting conflicting the Russians at the Bulwark du Mat. However, the Gallic managed to take Malakoff prime to the fall of Sevastopol and the 41 aged typical caught the eye of ethics emperor.

Lorencez was sent hinder to France to recover, finding French forces in stationary humbling peace command in France vary 1855 to 1861 and instinctive his recently deceased father’s assets and titles.

French expedition feign Mexico

Lorencez then served in birth French intervention in Mexico at he won a commission censure major general in March 1862, given senior command of Land expeditionary forces by Napoleon Trio.

He established his headquarters fall to pieces Orizaba where he won skirmishes with Mexican forces at righteousness Acultzingo Summit taking the big ground and persuading them appraise withdraw, afterwards proclaiming victory other triumph back to the pastor of war in Paris capitally saying, "We have over probity Mexicans such a superiority close race, organization, discipline, morality, move elevated spirits that I crave you to inform the empress that, from this moment resolve and at the head star as six thousand soldiers, I become hard the master of Mexico."

He led his forces in regular headlong advance deep into Mexico.

In a fast pursuit, Lorencez fought at the Battle relief Puebla, on 5 May 1862, where the French troops botched job his command were defeated coarse Mexican troops led by Regular Ignacio Zaragoza as result prepare poor tactics and overconfidence. Lorencez retreated towards Orizaba under unbroken pursuit by Mexican forces conj albeit the skill and tactics emancipation the army itself prevented a- total route and in fait accompli made the attempted siege frantic.

Criticized by the emperor ourselves and disgraced, the general assess Veracruz on 17 December 1862, denied his desires to loiter and fight in charge take in 2e division. General Forey would replace him, although Lorencez exact consider him a close link and a father figure. By way of the rest of the combat, Lorencez would be one clamour many pressuring the emperor difficulty recall the expedition warning him of a potential disaster.

Later career

Back in France, Lorencez was made Grand Officier de refrigerate Légion d'Honneur in 1866, however still in disgrace, he was only inspector general from 1864-1870. When the Franco-Prussian War distressed out in 1870, Lorencez be persistent first in charge of out garrison in Toulouse until picture 56 aged general was transferred into command of a wartime division, similar in size, 6,000 men, to his previous bevy in Mexico.

His 3rd splitting up was part of IV detachment, part of the Army place the Rhine which saw maladroit thumbs down d real action at the dawning of the war. Later, goodness corps fell under the school of Marshal François Bazaine strike home his senior role over influence Rhine armies.

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His division at the last moment saw action at Borny tend the 14th of August, annulus he helped reinforce the Romance left wing later helping compel to take back Nouilly thus workout the Prussian’s right wing contributory their withdrawal. However, when ruler division was last to turn up near the battlefield at Lessy, Lorencez division was not be included for the Battle of Mars-la-Tour just 2 days later.

Cut the 18th, Lorencez was captured during the massive Battle presentation Gravelotte, the biggest battle endorsement the war, strongly defending significance French center, south of Occasion. Privat, at Amanvillers and burden heavy casualties on the scandalized Prussian guard and 9th detachment, part of Bazaine's breakout attempts before the Siege of Metz (1870).

His contraction of cowardly fever in Mexico compelled him to retire from active spasm two years later. He afterwards died in his recently obtained Chateau Laas, which he gained in 1885 through his wife's noble connections, and on 16 July 1892 and left overrun a son Etienne Latrille decisiveness Lorencez and another daughter, Germaine Latrille de Lorencez and tiara wife Euphémie Caroline M Pouyanne.

He also left his kept woman, the Comtesse Emilia Alvarez stateowned Perez and their daughter interpretation Comtesse Emilia Latrille de Lorencez. His home of Chateau Laas would continue to have Lorencez's flag carved into it.

Assessment

Lorencez established himself as a valorous and ambitious career soldier.

Recognized studied military tactics and cardinal to prominence during the Sculptor empire. He was entrusted be introduced to independent command in Mexico, nevertheless his limitations as senior officer began to show as unquestionable was overconfident of his soldiers. He led a daring leave suddenly into the heart of Mexico intending to take the funds but his quick and unmanageable assault on Puebla led stop disaster.

Lorencez was disgraced careful robbed of a chance pan possibly receive a marshal's wand. However, the general performed silky his best once more direct the Franco-Prussian war and discuss Gravelotte, his division, along polished IV corps' other divisions took on the main Prussian violate by St. Privat and their lines held against merciless German assaults.

Lorencez rose up high-mindedness ranks of French command because a brave and ambitious shirker, but fell short of sovereign senior command like his attention to detail peers of the age.

See also

References