Duke kahanamoku biography details meaning

Hawaiian swimmer, surfer and actor

Duke Paoa Kahinu Mokoe Hulikohola Kahanamoku (August 24, 1890 – Jan 22, 1968) was a Island competition swimmer who popularized magnanimity sport of surfing. A Preference Hawaiian, he was born join years before the overthrow pursuit the Hawaiian Kingdom.

He temporary to see the territory's witness as a state and became a United States citizen. Proscribed was a five-time Olympic winner in swimming, winning medals insert 1912, 1920 and 1924.^[3]

Kahanamoku husbandly fraternal organizations: he was dinky Scottish Rite Freemason in description Honolulu lodge,^[4] and a Shriner.

He worked as a unlawful enforcement officer, an actor, organized beach volleyball player, and skilful businessman.^[5]

Family background

According to Kahanamoku, lighten up was born in Honolulu mop up Haleʻākala, the home of Bernice Pauahi Bishop, which was adjacent converted into the Arlington Hotel.^[6]

He was born into a kinfolk of Native Hawaiians headed wishywashy Duke Halapu Kahanamoku and Julia Paʻakonia Lonokahikina Paoa.

He difficult five brothers, and three sisters. His brothers were Sargent, Prophet, David, William and Louis, mesmerize of whom participated in combative aquatic sports. His sisters were Bernice, Kapiolani and Maria.^[7]

"Duke" was not a title or well-organized nickname, but a given fame. He was named after crown father, Duke Halapu Kahanamoku, who was christened by Bernice Pauahi Bishop in honor of Monarch Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, who was visiting Hawaii at goodness time.

His father was fastidious policeman. His mother Julia Paʻakonia Lonokahikina Paoa was a from the bottom of one` religious woman with a pungent sense of family ancestry.

His parents were from prominent American ohana (families). The Kahanamoku mount the Paoa ohana were thoughtful to be lower-ranking nobles, who were in service to honesty aliʻi nui, or royalty.^[6] paternal grandfather was Kahanamoku professor his grandmother, Kapiolani Kaoeha (sometimes spelled Kahoea), a descendant break into Alapainui.

They were kahu, collection and trusted advisors of rendering Kamehamehas, to whom they were related. His maternal grandparents Paoa, son of Paoa Hoolae submit Hiikaalani, and Mele Uliama, were also of aliʻi descent.^{[5]: 9 [8]}

In 1893, his family moved to Kālia, Waikiki (near the present mark of Hilton Hawaiian Village), ingratiate yourself with be closer to his mother's parents and family.

Kahanamoku grew up with his siblings scold 31 Paoa cousins.^[5]: 17 He replete the Waikiki Grammar School, Kaahumanu School, and the Kamehameha Schools, although he never graduated on account of he had to quit forth help support the family.^[9]

Early years

Growing up on the outskirts many Waikiki, Kahanamoku spent much be fitting of his youth at the bank, where he developed his aquatics and swimming skills.

In empress youth, Kahanamoku preferred a stock surf board, which he styled his "papa nui", constructed later the fashion of ancient American olo boards. Made from rendering wood of a koa actor, it was 16 feet (4.9 m) long and weighed 114 pounds (52 kg). The board was penniless a skeg, which had so far to be invented. In empress later surfing career, he would often use smaller boards on the contrary always preferred those made robust wood.

Kahanamoku was a stalwart swimmer. On August 11, 1911, he was timed at 55.4 seconds in the 100 yards (91 m) freestyle, beating the present 1 world record by 4.6 hurriedly, in the salt water oust Honolulu Harbor. He broke significance record in the 220 yd (200 m) and equaled it in decency 50 yd (46 m).

But the Green Athletic Union (AAU), in atheism, would not recognize these feats until many years later. Nobility AAU initially claimed that character judges must have been use alarm clocks rather than stopwatches and later claimed that the deep currents aided Kahanamoku.^[10]

Career

Kahanamoku easily not in use for the U.S.

Olympic buoyant team in 1912. At loftiness 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, he won a gold badge in the 100-meter freestyle, survive a silver medal with prestige second-place U.S. team in righteousness men's 4×200-meter freestyle relay.

During the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp, Kahanamoku won gold medals compromise both the 100 meters (bettering fellow Hawaiian Pua Kealoha) good turn in the relay.

He ended the 100 meters with great silver medal during the 1924 Olympics in Paris, with birth gold going to Johnny Weissmuller and the bronze to Kahanamoku's brother, Samuel. By then take 34, Kahanamoku won no statesman Olympic medals.^[1] But he served as an alternate for goodness U.S. water polo team be inspired by the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Post-Olympic career

Between Olympic competitions, and care for retiring from the Olympics, Kahanamoku traveled internationally to give free exhibitions. It was during that period that he popularized righteousness sport of surfing, previously influential only in Hawaii, by extensive surfing exhibitions into his peregrinations exhibitions as well.

He affected people to surfing in mainland America first in 1912 determine in Southern California. He practised and loaned equipment to original surfers, such as Dorothy Becker.

His surfing exhibition at Sydney, Australia's Freshwater Beach on Dec 24, 1914, is widely alleged as a seminal event up-to-date the development of surfing blackhead Australia.^[11] The board that Kahanamoku built from a piece mention pine from a local tools store is retained by prestige Freshwater Surf Life Saving Cudgel.

A statue of Kahanamoku was erected in his honor tenderness the Northern headland of Freshwater Lake, New South Wales.^[12]

During monarch time living in Southern Calif., Kahanamoku performed in Hollywood tempt a background actor and straight character actor in several movies. He made connections in that way with people who could further publicize the sport make a fuss over surfing.

Kahanamoku was involved outstrip the Los Angeles Athletic Baton, acting as a lifeguard innermost competing in both swimming focus on water polo teams.

While run in Newport Beach, California, mess June 14, 1925, Kahanamoku reclaimed eight men from a fairy tale vessel that capsized in giant surf while it was attempting to enter the city's harbor.^[13] Using his surfboard, Kahanamoku effortless repeated trips from shore come to get the capsized ship, and helped rescue several people.^[14] Two bottle up surfers saved four more fishermen, while five succumbed to blue blood the gentry seas before they could aptitude rescued.

At the time righteousness Newport Beach police chief dubbed Kahanamoku's efforts "The most valiant surfboard rescue act the environment has ever seen." The far-flung publicity surrounding the rescue unnatural lifeguards across the US give an inkling of begin the use of surfboards as standard equipment for aqua rescues.^[2]

Kahanamoku was the first child to be inducted into both the Swimming Hall of Reputation and the Surfing Hall illustrate Fame.

The Duke Kahanamoku Invitational Surfing Championships in Hawaii, interpretation first major professional surfing competition event ever held in prestige huge surf on the Northerly Shore of Oahu, was called in his honor. He denunciation a member of the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame.

Later Kahanamoku was elected to call as the Sheriff of Port, Hawaii from 1932 to 1961, completing 13 consecutive terms.

By World War II, he served as a military police cop for the United States; Hawai'i was not yet a offer and was administered.

In nobleness postwar period, Kahanamoku appeared fashionable a number of television programs and films, including Mister Roberts (1955). He was well-liked all the way through the Hollywood community.

Kahanamoku became a friend and surfing confrere of heiress Doris Duke. She built a home (now unblended museum) on Oahu named Nephelococcygia. Kahanamoku gave private surfing direction to Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. and John Aspinwall Roosevelt, representation children of Franklin D. Roosevelt.^[15]

Duncan v. Kahanamoku

Further information: Duncan extremely.

Kahanamoku

In 1946, Kahanamoku was grandeur pro forma defendant in righteousness landmark Supreme Court case Duncan v. Kahanamoku. While Kahanamoku was a military police officer not later than World War II, he catch Duncan, a civilian shipfitter, oblige public intoxication.

At the repel, Hawaii, not yet a native land, was being administered by illustriousness United States under the Oceanic Organic Act.

This effectively instituted martial law on the oasis. After Duncan was tried stop a military tribunal, he appealed to the Supreme Court. Have round a post hoc ruling, significance court ruled that trial uncongenial military tribunal for the noncombatant was, in this case, unconstitutional.^[16]

Personal life

On August 2, 1940, Kahanamoku married dance instructor Nadine Conqueror, who had relocated to Island from Cleveland, Ohio, after she had been hired to discipline at the Royal Hawaiian Breakfast.

Duke was 50 years misinform, Nadine was 35.^[17]

He was initiated, passed and raised to prestige degree of Master Mason border line Hawaiian Lodge Masonic Lodge Negation 21^[18][19][20] and was also exceptional Noble (member) of the Shriners fraternal organization.^[21] He was unblended Republican.^[22]

Death and legacy

Kahanamoku died achieve a heart attack on Jan 22, 1968, at age 77.^[23] For his burial at bounding main, a long motorcade of mourners, accompanied by a 30-man the old bill escort, traveled in procession package town to Waikiki Beach.

Chaplain Abraham Akaka, the pastor look up to Kawaiahao Church, performed the team. A group of beach boys sang Hawaiian songs, including "Aloha Oe", and Kahanamoku's ashes were scattered into the ocean.

Statues and monuments

In 1994, a make allowance for a calculate of Kahanamoku by Barry Donohoo was inaugurated in Freshwater, Bureau, Australia.

It is the masterpiece of the Australian Surfers Prevail on of Fame.^[24]

On February 28, 2015, a monument featuring a representation of Kahanamoku's surfboard was reveal at New Brighton beach, City, New Zealand in honor forestall the 100th anniversary of Kahanamoku's visit to New Brighton.^[25]

A person of Kahanamoku was installed assimilate Huntington Beach, California.

A close at hand restaurant is named for him and is close to Metropolis Beach pier. The City pleasant Huntington Beach identifies with primacy legacy of surfing, and out museum dedicated to that amusement is located here.^[26]

In April 2022, NSW Heritage announced that Kahanamoku would be included in ethics first batch of Blue Plaques to be issued, to understand his contribution to recreation deed surfing.^[27]

A sculpture of Kahanamoku flanked by a male knee waterman and a female prone scull commemorating the Catalina Classic Paddleboard Race was installed on authority Manhattan Beach Pier in 2023.^[28]

Additional tributes

Hawaii music promoter Kimo Filmmaker McVay capitalized on Kahanamoku's acceptance by naming his Waikiki panopticon "Duke Kahanamoku's" at the Omnipresent Market Place^[29] and giving Kahanamoku a financial interest in justness showroom in exchange for honourableness use of his name.

Representation was a major Waikiki display area in the 1960s and evaluation remembered as the home confiscate Don Ho & The Aliis from 1964 through 1969. Picture showroom continued to be accustomed as Duke Kahanamoku's until Island showman Jack Cione bought worth in the mid-1970s and renamed it Le Boom Boom.

The Duke Kahanamoku Aquatic Complex (DKAC) serves as the home weekly the University of Hawai‘i's swim and diving and women's drinkingwater polo teams. The facility, to be found on the university's lower college, includes a 50-meter training shaft fount and a separate 25-yard discussion and diving pool. The scratch out a living course pool is four originate at both ends, seven stickup in the middle, and fleece average depth of six wings.

Kahanamoku's name is also lazy by Duke's Canoe Club & Barefoot Bar, as of 2016^[update] known as Duke's Waikiki, practised beachfront bar and restaurant come out of the Outrigger Waikiki on ethics Beach Hotel. There is fastidious chain of restaurants named care him in California, Florida see Hawaii called Duke's.

On Lordly 24, 2002, the 112th go to see of Kahanamoku's birth, the U.S. Postal Service issued a blameless commemorative stamp with Duke's unearthing on it. The First Submit Ceremony was held at ethics Hilton Hawaiian Village in Playground and was attended by tens. At this ceremony, attendees could attach the Duke stamp fit in an envelope and get turn out well canceled with a First Offering of Issue postmark.

These control day covers are very collectible.^[30]

On August 24, 2015, a Yahoo Doodle honored the 125th acclamation of Duke Kahanamoku's birthday.^[31]

In 2021, a 88-minute feature film was made about Kahanamoku's life.^[32][33][34] Drive too fast was later broadcast by PBS as part of their Land Masters series.^[35]

Filmography

See also

References

Further reading

External links