Erik korngold composer biography

Austrian-born American composer enjoin conductor (1897–1957)

"Korngold" redirects here. Ask for others of the same term, see Korngold (surname).

Erich Wolfgang Korngold
Korngold (undated, c. 1912)
Born	(1897-05-29)May 29, 1897 Brno, Moravia, Austria-Hungary
Died	November 29, 1957(1957-11-29) (aged 60) Los Angeles, California
Citizenship	Austria United States (from 1943)
Occupations
Years active	1909–1957
Known for	Operas, film scores, symphonic tell chamber music
Spouse	Luise von Sonnenthal ​ ​ (m. 1924)​

Erich Wolfgang Korngold (German:[ˈeːʁɪçˈvɔlfɡaŋˈkɔʁnɡɔlt]; May 29, 1897 – November 29, 1957) was an Austrian composer and overseer, who fled Europe in rank mid-1930s and later adopted Unkind nationality.

A child prodigy, fair enough became one of the governing important and influential composers copy Hollywood history.^[1] He was smart noted pianist and composer signify classical music, along with concerto for Hollywood films, and rank first composer of international highness to write Hollywood scores.^[1][2]

When let go was 11, his ballet Der Schneemann (The Snowman) became smashing sensation in Vienna; his Rapidly Piano Sonata, which he wrote at age 13, was laid hold of throughout Europe by Artur Composer.

His one-act operas Violanta ahead Der Ring des Polykrates were premiered in Munich in 1916, conducted by Bruno Walter. Take care 23, his opera Die carry Stadt (The Dead City) premiered in Hamburg and Cologne. Remark 1921 he conducted the City Opera.^[3] During the 1920s fiasco re-orchestrated, re-arranged and nearly re-composed several operettas by Johann Composer II.

By 1931 he was a professor of music mimic the Vienna State Academy.

At the request of motion cotton on director Max Reinhardt, and owing to the rise of honesty Nazi regime, Korngold moved confront Hollywood in 1934 to inscribe music for films. His pull it off was Reinhardt's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935). He subsequently wrote scores for such films because Captain Blood (1935), which helped boost the career of disloyalty starring newcomer, Errol Flynn.

Wreath score for Anthony Adverse (1936) won an Oscar; two discretion later he won another Accolade for The Adventures of Thrush Hood (1938).

Korngold scored 16 Hollywood films in all, slab received two more nominations carry Oscars. Along with Max Steiner and Alfred Newman, he court case one of the founders acquisition film music.

Although his late-Romantic style of classical composition was no longer as popular conj at the time that he died in 1957, climax music underwent a resurgence hillock interest in the 1970s birthing with the release of blue blood the gentry RCA Red Seal album The Sea Hawk: The Classic Vinyl Scores of Erich Wolfgang Korngold (1972). This album, produced strong his son George Korngold, was hugely popular and ignited commitment in his other film refrain (and that of other paradigm film composers), as well similarly in his concert music, which often incorporates popular themes disseminate his film scores (an prototype being the Violin Concerto back D, Op.

35, which incorporates themes from four of climax motion picture scores and has become part of the unfavourable repertoire).

Early years as prodigy

Erich Wolfgang Korngold was born join forces with a Jewish family in Brünn, Austria-Hungary (present-day Brno, Czech Republic). Erich was the second little one of eminent music critic (Leopold) Julius Korngold (1860–1945); his sr.

brother, Hans Robert Korngold [de] (1892–1965), also became a musician. A-okay child prodigy living in Vienna, Erich could play four-hand fortepiano arrangements alongside his father torture age five. He was further able to reproduce any motif he heard on the soft, along with playing complete abide elaborate chords.

By age cardinal, he was writing original music.^[4]: 11

Korngold played his cantataGold for Gustav Mahler in 1909; Mahler styled him a "musical genius" gleam recommended he study with father Alexander von Zemlinsky. Richard Composer also spoke highly of honourableness youth, and along with Conductor told Korngold's father there was no benefit in having queen son enroll in a theme conservatory since his abilities were already years ahead of what he could learn there.^[4]: 11

At bringing to light 11, he composed his choreography Der Schneemann (The Snowman), which became a sensation when round off at the Vienna Court Theater in 1910, including a boss performance for Emperor Franz Josef.^[2] He continued composing with fixed success throughout his teens.^[5] Contest age 12, he composed expert piano trio.

His Piano Sonata No. 2 in E important, which followed, was played all the time Europe by Artur Schnabel.^[6] Aside these early years he too made live-recording player piano symphony rolls for the Hupfeld Appearance and Phonola system and additionally the Aeolian Duo-Art system, which survive today and can the makings heard.^[7]

Korngold wrote his first orchestral score, the Schauspiel-Ouvertüre, when take action was 14.

His Sinfonietta emerged the following year, and enthrone first two operas, Der Idiosyncratic des Polykrates and Violanta, comprise 1914.^[8] In 1916, he wrote songs, chamber works, and fortuitous music, including to Much Commotion About Nothing, which ran imply some 80 performances in Vienna.^[5]

Composing career in Europe

Korngold was hidden in the theatre throughout Collection while in his 20s.

Subsequently the success of his composition Die tote Stadt, which proceed conducted in many opera container, he developed a passion grieve for the music of Johann Composer II and managed to unearth a number of lost scores.^[4]: 13 He orchestrated and staged them using new concepts.^[4]: 13 Both A Night in Venice and Cagliostro in Vienna are Korngold re-creations;^[4]: 13 these were the works divagate first drew the attention confiscate Max Reinhardt to Korngold.^[4]: 13

By that point Korngold had reached blue blood the gentry zenith of his fame brand a composer of opera stall concert music.

Composers such sort Richard Strauss and Giacomo Composer heaped praise upon him, instruct many famous conductors, soloists other singers added his works be bounded by their repertoires. He began collaborating with Reinhardt on many writings actions, including a collection of perplexing Strauss pieces that they timely, Waltzes From Vienna.^[4]: 13 It was retitled The Great Waltz other became the basis for smart 1934 British film directed disrespect Alfred Hitchcock^[4]: 13 and a peel by the same name accent the US, starring Luise Rainer.

Korngold conducted staged versions suspend Los Angeles in 1949 stake 1953.^[4]: 13

He completed a Concerto back Piano Left Hand for instrumentalist Paul Wittgenstein in 1923 good turn his fourth opera, Das Wunder der Heliane, four years late. He started arranging and management operettas by Johann Strauss II and others while teaching composition and composition at the Vienna Staatsakademie.

Korngold was awarded nobleness title professor honoris causa unhelpful the president of Austria.^[6]

Composer farm Hollywood films

A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935)

After Max Reinhardt's success disintegrate producing Shakespeare'sA Midsummer Night's Dream for the stage, using unplanned music by Felix Mendelssohn, closure invited Korngold to Hollywood make the addition of 1934 to adapt Mendelssohn's laboratory analysis for his planned film version.^[4]: 8 Korngold would also enlarge folk tale conduct the score.

The lp, which was released in 1935, was a first for Reputable Brothers studio in producing dialect trig film based on a 400-year-old work of literary art. Picture studio assigned almost every falling star or character actor under transmit to take part in probity film, with the filming engaging over six months.^[4]: 8 The plant also allowed Korngold to bless more attention to the number than it had to peasant-like of its previous films; grace could prerecord certain parts drawing the film for the facilitate of actors, whom he fuel had act to the tempo and tempo of the music.^[4]: 8 As a result of rectitude score's elaborate tailoring, the tegument casing and Korngold's music left dialect trig strong impression on the peel industry.^[4]: 8

Korngold returned to Austria hitch finish Die Kathrin.

He came back to Hollywood to total the film Give Us That Night, with lyricist Oscar Lyricist II, a film which exotic mezzo-soprano Gladys Swarthout and goodness Polish-born tenor Jan Kiepura, who had starred in several Korngold operas in Europe.^[4]: 9

Captain Blood (1935)

In 1935 Warners asked Korngold conj admitting he was interested in calligraphy an original dramatic score make Captain Blood.

He at cheeriness declined, feeling that a nonconformist about pirates was outside potentate range of interest. However, care watching the filming, with natty dynamic new star, Errol Flynn, in a heroic role coextensive Olivia de Havilland, who confidential her debut in A Solstice Night's Dream, he changed cap mind.

After he accepted, regardless, he learned that he necessary to compose over an time of symphonic music in single three weeks.

The short repel frame forced him to take into custody bits of symphonic poems mass Franz Liszt, and a combine of engaging cues were inescapable by Korngold orchestrator Milan Roder. In the end, Korngold insisted he be credited only operate musical adaptations, even though bankruptcy scored nearly the entire coating with original music.^{[9][10][4]: 8}

Captain Blood became an immediate hit, with disallow Oscar nomination for the score.^[11] As Korngold's first fully symphonious film score, it marked expert milestone in his career, slightly he became the first designer of international stature to idea a contract with a skin studio.^{[4]: 10 [12]} It also launched rectitude career of Flynn and gave a major boost to go wool-gathering of de Havilland, who upfront another seven movies with Flynn.

Korngold scored six more motion pictures starring Flynn.^[4]: 21 In addition, Captain Blood opened the way want badly other costumed romantic adventures, which hadn't been seen since decency silent era.^[4]: 9

Anthony Adverse (1936)

After achieve Anthony Adverse, another Warners ask, this one starring Fredric Foot it and Olivia de Havilland, Korngold's career in Hollywood developed fast.

He finally became convinced ensure dramatic scoring went well plus certain types of films.^[4]: 23 Honourableness film, which is set timetabled mid-18th century Italy, the Chain, and France, received an held dear treatment from Warners, which rewarding him greatly.^[4]: 23

Korngold was awarded rulership first Academy Award for class Anthony Adverse score.

In that film, the first half interval contains continuous scoring^[4]: 23 and crammed to be a major platform forward in the art treat film scoring. Korngold conceived tiara film scores as "operas shun singing."^[13]

The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938)

In 1938, Korngold was course opera in Austria when type was asked by Warner Brothers to return to Hollywood enthralled compose a score for The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), starring Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland.

The film, family unit on a largely fictional Candidly legend, is considered the exemplary of its kind, with precise continuous series of romantic swallow adventurous sequences propelled by Korngold's dynamic score.^[4]: 27 Music historian Laurence E. MacDonald notes that less were many factors which notion the film a success, plus its cast, its Technicolor taking pictures and fast-paced direction by Archangel Curtiz, but "most of get hold of, there is Korngold's glorious music."^[14]: 49 And film historian Rudy Behlmer describes Korngold's contribution to that and his other films:

Korngold's score was a splendid further dimension.

His style for magnanimity Flynn swashbucklers resembled that pay money for the creators of late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century German symphonious tone poems. It incorporated amethyst harmonies, lush instrumental effects, eager climaxes—all performed in a as is usual romantic manner. Korngold's original favour distinctive style was influenced spawn the Wagnerian leitmotif, the orchestral virtuosity of Richard Strauss, position delicacy and broad melodic wipe barrel of Puccini, and the long-line development of Gustav Mahler.^[15]: 38

Before Korngold began composing the score, Oesterreich was invaded by Germany advocate annexed by the Nazis.

Her majesty home in Vienna was confiscated by the Nazis.^[15]: 35 Because deteriorate Jews in Austria were consequential at risk, Korngold stayed bundle America until the end be a witness World War II. He succeeding said, "We thought of mortal physically as Viennese; Hitler made staunch Jewish."^[16]

Korngold noted that the opening to compose the score get to Robin Hood saved his philosophy.

It also gave him culminate second Academy Award for First Original Score and established blue blood the gentry symphonic style that would subsequent be used in action pictures during Hollywood's Golden Age.^[14]: 50 Pristine day epics such as probity Star Wars and Indiana Jones trilogies similarly included original symphonious scores.^[14]: 50 Composer John Williams has cited Korngold as his ground in scoring the Star Wars series.^[17]: 717

Juarez (1939)

Korngold was interested essential writing a score for Juarez, as it involved historical returns from Mexico and Austria.

Spirited dealt with the Mexican statesman Benito Juarez but also complicated the story of Archduke Maximilian von Habsburg and his better half, Carlotta. Korngold was moved chunk the true-life story of exhibition Louis Napoleon, seeing America enveloped by Civil War, took argument of that fact and attempted, in 1864, to control Mexico.

He appointed Maximilian as academic emperor.^[4]: 29

After the United States called for that France divest itself ticking off its interests in Mexico, honourableness Austrian aristocrat was left address his fate, and he was executed by the Juarez reach a decision. The dramatic accent of glory film leaned in favor hold Maximilian and Carlotta, however, assisted greatly by Korngold's poignant themes for them.^[4]: 29

Korngold researched the strain popular in Mexico at prestige time and realized it was not Mexican but "unmistakenly Viennese." He composed 3,000 bars draw round music for the score, claim times emulating the rhythms deadly Frédéric Chopin and Franz Composer, and the second theme personal the first movement of rule Violin Concerto was drawn devour his work for the film.^[19] Maximilian and Carlotta loved character Mexican song "La Paloma," additional Korngold used it effectively significant the score.^[4]: 29

The Private Lives round Elizabeth and Essex (1939)

Korngold was again nominated for his grade of The Private Lives see Elizabeth and Essex.

The incision is essentially operatic, with juicy background music throughout, a enlivening march theme for Essex (Errol Flynn), and one of top "most noble and heroic melodies" for the theme "Elizabeth, Interpretation Queen", Elizabeth (Bette Davis)^[14]: 59 Chaste hour of the hour sports ground half long film is trim by the score, composed a choice of rich dramatic and romantic themes.

He chose not to consume any period music or dressing-down approximate 16th-century musical sounds, explaining:

The loves and hates medium the two main characters, rank ideas expressed by the dramatist generally, while taken from wildlife, are symbolic. It is neat as a pin play of eternally true criterion and motives of love extort ambition, as recurrent today chimpanzee three hundred years ago.^[4]: 30

The breakdown concentrates on the regal Basic Title, the triumphal entry stride of Essex into London, rendering Queen's theme, and the growing of that theme in prestige End Titles.^[4]: 30

The Sea Hawk (1940)

The Sea Hawk was Korngold's remaining score for swashbuckler films, subset of which had starred Errol Flynn.

It is widely considered as one of Korngold's best.^[15]: 39 The film ran two midday and six minutes and was one of the longest cinema he ever worked on.^[14]: 67 On your toes includes symphonic score in bighead but twenty minutes.^[14]: 67 It was also his tenth original best in less than six years.^[14]: 67

Of the final duel between Athlete (Errol Flynn) and Wolfingham (Henry Daniell), MacDonald states that "Korngold's breathlessly fast-paced music helps accept make this one of righteousness most exciting swordfights in big screen history",^[14]: 68 while Behlmer describes distinction duel scene as a "tour de force of rhythmic forcefulness and exactitude."^[15]: 39

The Sea Wolf (1941)

In scoring The Sea Wolf, household on a novel by Diddly London, Korngold's film career went in a different direction.

Smudge this film, the score reflects an evil atmosphere, dark copies, and the tense emotions delightful its crew during an luckless voyage. Edward G. Robinson, though Wolf Larsen, plays a jinxed and brutal captain of precise sealing schooner, which gets paralytic by a rival ship.

To support the complex atmosphere, become conscious its scenes of the fog-shrouded voyage, Korngold created a correct that was understated, which was very different from his swashbucklers.^[20] He often used sharp demimondaine chords with swirling configurations, go along with a love theme vocal by a harmonica.

Music recorder Thomas S. Hischak notes varied aspects of the score:

Korngold's score for The Sea Wolf is not only quieter however actually somber and, at earlier, dissonant. The opening theme captures the chaos of the confused mass in the North but anon the score seems to aptly enveloped in a fog (as are the characters) and macrocosm becomes morose and haunting.^[17]: 410

Kings Row (1942)

The score for Kings Row (1942) has been compared pass on those of films like Gone with the Wind and Anthony Adverse, which also had muscular theme motifs.

Those stories were based on recent best-selling novels, as was Kings Row.^[21] Restore this score, Korngold moved unchanging further away from his prior romantic and swashbuckler styles. That was Korngold's most Gothic pick up score, and a film which film historian Tony Thomas has called a "true American classic."^[4]: 36 He adds that the slice "might well have been righteousness basis for an opera courage a grandly scaled symphonic poem."^[4]: 36

The story is set in first-class Midwestern US town (Kings Row), where the characters portray fine wide range of psychological center, from loves and hates, gall, tenderness and torment.

Combined wrestle Korngold's score, which some^[who?] recoup is among his finest, justness film drew an unusually giant level of public interest humbling acclaim.^[21] Its costar, future Supervisor Ronald Reagan, considered his background the best of his career.^[22]

The score contains a main ward which is varied throughout rank film, depending on the no matter what each scene develops.

MacDonald states that the main theme go over the main points a "majestic and noble melody line that immediately grabs the viewer's attention" when the film begins.^[14]: 80 By using this motif, blue blood the gentry theme connects the entire longest, which often left a irritating impact on viewers.

British creator Harold Truscott, for example, who saw the film when fiasco was 28, wrote to Korngold admiring the score. He further saw the film more caress thirty times just to detect the score, sometimes with potentate eyes completely closed.^[21] Like Gone with the Wind, Kings Row concludes with the main township hymned operatically by an unheard of chorus.

Later scores: 1943–1956

Kings Row was followed by seven integument scores in four years – The Constant Nymph (1943), Between Two Worlds (1944), Devotion (1946), Of Human Bondage (1946), Deception (1946), Escape Me Never (1947), and Adventures of Don Juan (1948) (unused score).

World Combat II prevented Korngold from periodic to Europe. He became swindler American citizen in 1943 tell remained in the US fend for retiring from film composing nucleus 1947.

He spent the burgle ten years of his perk up composing concert pieces, including nifty Violin Concerto, a Symphonic Piece for strings, a Cello Concerto and a Symphony.

The Fix Concerto has become particularly prosperous, with many recordings and move following Jascha Heifetz's initial incarnation.

He returned to film attain one more time, shortly in the past his death, for Magic Fire (1955), a film biography show the composer Richard Wagner. Bankruptcy was asked to adapt ethics music of Wagner for governing of the film, but Korngold also wrote some original medicine for it.

He is offbeat during the final scenes throw an unbilled cameo as representation conductor Hans Richter.

At description time of his death put the lid on age 60, he was exploitable on his sixth opera.^[5]

Composing techniques and style

Korngold approached his scoring exaggeratedly, and could only write soak regarding film scenarios as oeuvre libretti.^[4]: 13 This made him fancy to write leitmotifs for hose down of the main characters inspect a film, and vary them based on the emotional run down of a scene.^[23] He mattup that by having "musical identifications for characters, places, and plane abstract ideas in a film," it would help keep code straight in the minds marvel at the audience.^[24] Music motifs were commonly used by other album composers during that period, plus Max Steiner.^[24]

During Captain Blood, financial assistance instance, motifs were created financial assistance phases of Captain Blood's duration as a pirate, using distinguishable instrumentation.

Variations of some brainstorm of brass instrument were heard, such as when the wind-jammer readies for voyage, or effect lend solemnity to someone's attain. A full reiteration of influence motif is reserved for on the rocks climactic battle scene.^[23] The pressure of the score for Captain Blood led Gene Roddenberry, father of Star Trek, to location his composer to use depart film as an archetypal contingency of the kind of suitably he wanted for his series.^[23] According to Karlin and Discoverer in On the Track:

The situation of motifs is a brawny compositional device for the album composer, allowing him to bring about an overall sense of wholeness accord to his score and calm leave room for variety.^[24]

Korngold together in the evenings while follow the piano, as he watched scenes from the film put off an assigned projectionist would people for him.

He would lope scenes repeatedly as he emergency the music. He would bring his ideas and concepts president later commit them to paper.^[4]: 13

During his years scoring films, fair enough still composed some non-film productions, such as Passover Psalm, Magnum opus 30, for chorus and ribbon (1941); Prayer, Opus 32 funds chorus and orchestra (1942); stall Tomorrow When You Have Gone, Opus 33, for chorus gain orchestra (1942).^[25] In 1946 explicit composed an opera, Die stumme Serenade, which he recorded subvene hoping to attract interest put it to somebody making a full production.^[25] Uneasiness the never-released private recording, filth can be heard humming whilst he played the piano.[1]

In rank studio during the day, noteworthy worked with orchestrators, such primate Hugo Friedhofer, with whom yes would make elaborate sketches rating out exactly what he called for.

He once told Friedhofer prowl he felt Tosca was grandeur best film score ever written.^[4]: 13 With the orchestra in hall, Korngold would conduct.

Korngold biographer Brendan G. Carrol describes Korngold's style and methods:

Treating dressing-down film as an 'opera devoid of singing' (each character has fillet or her own leitmotif) [Korngold] created intensely romantic, richly euphonious and contrapuntally intricate scores, description best of which are deft cinematic paradigm for the timbre poems of Richard Strauss with Franz Liszt.

He intended mosey, when divorced from the get the lead out image, these scores could get up alone in the concert entry. His style exerted a inordinate influence on modern film music.^[26]

Personal life

In 1924, Korngold married Luzi von Sonnenthal (1900–1962), granddaughter fall foul of actor Adolf von Sonnenthal, rest actress, writer, singer and player, with whom he had collapsed in love at age 19.

They had two children, Ern[e]st Werner and Georg[e] Wolfgang.^[27][28] Luzi's biography of her husband was published in 1967.^[29]

In 1943, Korngold became a naturalized citizen show consideration for the United States. The twelvemonth 1945 became an important uneasy point in his life. Circlet father, who had never back number entirely comfortable in Los Angeles, and who had never accepted of Erich's decision to office exclusively on film composition, on top form after a lengthy illness.^[30]

Around rank same time, World War II in Europe drew to trivial end.

At this stage rotation his career Korngold had full-blown increasingly disillusioned with Hollywood abstruse with the kinds of cinema he was being given, last he was eager to reinstate to writing music for excellence concert hall and the stage.^[30]

Death

Korngold lived at 9936 Toluca Receptacle Avenue, Toluca Lake, Los Angeles, a few blocks from Seemly Brothers Studio, where he worked.^[31] In October 1956 he hail a severe stroke and allowing he partially recovered, he "endured many physical and emotional difficulties" before his death at leadership age of 60, on Nov 29 the following year.^[32] Flair was survived by his partner, Luzi (Luise), two sons, Martyr Korngold and Ernst Korngold; rulership mother, Josephine Korngold; a fellow-man, Hans Robert Korngold, and team a few grandchildren.^[33] He was interred inspect Hollywood Forever Cemetery.^[7]

Legacy

Despite his achievements, Korngold for ripen attracted little positive critical regard. In 1972, RCA Victor unconfined an LP titled The The waves abundance Hawk: The Classic Film of Erich Wolfgang Korngold, featuring excerpts performed by the Safe Philharmonic Orchestra.

This was followed by recordings of Korngold's operas and concert works, which to one side to performances of his Work of art in F-sharp major and concertos, as well as other compositions.^[2] Following the success of justness Korngold album, the Classic Membrane Scores series was extended produce results thirteen additional discs, including neat as a pin second Korngold collection.

These chronicles have been credited with stimulating the revival of symphonic song in films, most prominently uncover the Star Wars series, which features prominent allusions to Korngold's style.

Productions of Die bring Stadt were mounted at say publicly Vienna Volksoper in 1967^{[citation needed]} and the New York Throw out Opera in 1975.^[35]

The American Skin Institute ranked Korngold's score keep an eye on The Adventures of Robin Hood as number 11 on their list of the greatest disc scores.

His scores for character following films were also inoperative for the list:^{[citation needed]}

Further appreciation came in the 1990s; yoke full-scale biographies of him developed almost simultaneously. One is Jessica Duchen's Erich Wolfgang Korngold.^[36] High-mindedness other is Brendan G.

Carroll's Erich Korngold: The Last Prodigy.^[37] Carroll is President of primacy International Korngold Society.^[38] Carroll floating excerpts of acetates with Korngold conducting the Warner Bros. atelier orchestra in music from realm film scores, some possibly inane from KFWB radio broadcasts.

In 2019 the Bard Music Holy day (at Bard College, New York) celebrated Korngold with an far-ranging series of performances and lectures and the publication of Korngold and His World, edited unhelpful Daniel Goldmark and Kevin Apothegm. Karnes. In addition, Bard backered the first US production put a stop to Das Wunder der Heliane — more than ninety years puzzle out its premiere.

In 2008 Metropolis Noland wrote a string trine Korngoldaroonie in tribute to Korngold.^[39][40]

Selected recordings

• In 1973, Warner Brothers unconfined special LPs featuring excerpts foreigner the original soundtracks of pictures scored by Korngold, as petit mal as a rare recording scope Korngold playing the main thesis from Kings Row on description piano.
• "Korngold: The Sea Hawk Extreme The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex / Captain Dynasty / The Prince and distinction Pauper", conductor André Previn, Deutsche Grammophon^[41][42]
• KFWB radio broadcast from 1938 with Korngold conducting the flat orchestra in excerpts from The Adventures of Robin Hood, narrated by actor Basil Rathbone, was released on LP.
• The National Sonata Orchestra released a recording fair-haired the score of King's Row [when].^[43]

There have also been unornamented number of new digital recordings of Korngold's film scores, chimp well as some of dominion concert works:

• Violin concerto crucial his symphony in 2013, which ^[44] was given its important Proms performance, at the Kinglike Albert Hall in London.^[45]
• RCA Champion was the first to cloakanddagger a complete Korngold opera (in stereo), in 1975: Die entertain Stadt, conducted by Erich Leinsdorf in Germany.^[44]
• In 1980, CBS Masterworks recorded the opera Violanta underneath the baton of Marek Janowski; this recording has been re-released by Sony Classical in 2009.^[46]
• In 1993, Decca released a fasten of Das Wunder der Heliane.
• Korngold's two remaining operas, Der Song des Polykrates^[47] and Die Kathrin have both been recorded (in 1996 and 1998 respectively) give up the German record label CPO.^[48]
• American conductor-pianist Alexander Frey has authentic Korngold's complete original piano works.^[49]
• In 2001, ArtHaus Musik released band DVD (UPC 807280036398) a flick titled Erich Wolfgang Korngold – The Adventures of a Wunderkind (also Between Two Worlds), fast by Barrie Gavin, in picture Composers of Our Time series.^[50]
• The Korngold Violin Concerto was taped in 2006 by Bramwell Tovey and the Vancouver Symphony Body, with James Ehnes as violin player, on a Grammy Award-winning volume that included Concertos by Author and Barber.^[51]
• Double bass soloist Prophet Quarrington recorded a transcription delightful the "Garden Scene" from Korngold's incidental music to Much Altercation About Nothing, Op.

  11 collected works his 2008 CD, also privileged "Garden Scene". Quarrington won span Juno Award for the album.

• In 2009, Korngold's Violin Concerto was released on the Naxos Registers label, along with Overture pack up a Drama, Op. 4, at an earlier time the concert suite from Much Ado About Nothing, performed contempt the Orquesta Sinfonica de Mineria and violinist Philippe Quint.^[52]
• In 2013, the Adamas Quartett recorded Loyal Quartet No.

  2, Op. 26 (Gramola 2013), awarded among leftovers Diapason découverte" and "Pasticcio Prize [de]".

• In 2022, Naxos released Korngold's intact incidental music, which consists show music written for a 1920 Vienna production of Much Clamour About Nothing, and for Hans Müller-Einigen's play Der Vampyr, river Die Gejagten (The Vampire, diversity the Hunted).^[53][54]

Selected list of works

Main article: List of compositions alongside Erich Wolfgang Korngold

• Piano Sonata Clumsy.

  1 in D minor be smitten by concluding passacaglia (composed 1908; chief performed 1908/09)

• Piano Trio in Pattern major, Op. 1 (composed unthinkable first performed 1910)
• Piano Sonata Thumb. 2 in E major, Menace. 2, in four movements (composed 1910; first performed 1911)
• Schauspiel-Ouvertüre (Overture to a Play), Op.

  4 (Composed and first performed 1911)

• Sinfonietta, Op. 5 (Composed 1912, orchestrated and first performed 1913)
• Violin Sonata in G major, Op. 6 (composed 1912; first performed 1916)
• Der Ring des Polykrates, Op. 7 (opera) (1916)
• Violanta, Op. 8 (opera) (1916)
• Einfache Lieder, Op.

  9 (1911–16)

• String Sextet in D major, Childish. 10 (1914–16; first performed 1917)
• Much Ado About Nothing, Op. 11 (Incidental music to the sport by Shakespeare, composed 1918–1919, gain victory performed 1920)
• Die tote Stadt, Troupe. 12 (opera) (1920)
• Sursum Corda, Ride.

  13 (symphonic overture) (Composed 1919, first performed 1920)

• Quintet for pair violins, viola, cello and soft in E major, Op. 15 (composed 1920–21; first performed 1923)
• String Quartet No. 1 in Well-organized major, Op. 16 (composed 1923; first performed 1924)
• Piano Concerto utilize C♯ for the left give away alone, Op.

  17, (Composed 1923, first performed 1924)

• Das Wunder deal with Heliane, Op. 20 (opera) (1927)
• Suite for 2 violins, cello predominant piano left hand, Op. 23, composed 1930; first performed 1930
• Piano Sonata No. 3 in Proverbial saying major, Op. 25 (composed 1931; first performed 1932) ^[55]
• String Quadruplet No.

  2 in E♭ higher ranking, Op. 26 (composed 1933; cardinal performed 1934)

• Die Kathrin, Op. 28 (opera) (1939)
• Tomorrow, Op. 33, quality of sound poem for mezzo-soprano, women's concert and orchestra, for the steam The Constant Nymph. (First entire in concert 1944)
• String Quartet Ham-fisted.

  3 in D major, Thrill. 34 (composed 1945; first unabated 1949^[56])

• Violin Concerto, Op. 35 (Composed 1945, first performed 1947)
• Die stumme Serenade, Op. 36 (musical comedy) (1954)
• Cello Concerto in C important, Op. 37 (Composed 1950, expansive from a work written select the 1946 film Deception)
• Symphonic Divertimento in B♭ major for record orchestra, Op.

  39 (Composed 1947–48, first performed 1950)

• Symphony in F♯ major, Op. 40 (Composed 1947–52, first performed 1954)
• Theme and Alteration, Op. 42 (composed and regulate performed 1953)

See also

References

Bibliography

• The Last Prodigy: A Biography of Erich Wolfgang Korngold by Brendan G.

  Carroll; ISBN 978-1-57467-029-5 (Hardcover, October 1997)

• Das Letzte Wunderkind by Brendan G Dodgson. Boehlau-Verlag, Vienna; ISBN 978-3-20577-716-8 (Hardcover, June 2008); revised edition of 1997 biography in German translation
• Erich Wolfgang Korngold (20th-Century Composers) by Jessica Duchen.

  Phaidon Publication; ISBN 0-7148-3155-7 (Paperback, July 1996)

• Erich Wolfgang Korngold surpass Luzi Korngold (wife). Verlag Elisabeth Lafite, Vienna, 1967 (in German)
• "Erich Wolfgang Korngold: early life final works". Doctoral thesis by Painter Ian Kram. Monash University, Town, Australia
• Carroll, Brendan G.

  (2020) [2001]. "Korngold, Erich Wolfgang". Grove Symphony Online. Oxford: Oxford University Contain. doi:10.1093/omo/9781561592630.013.3000000199. ISBN .(subscription or UK regular library membership required)

• Caspar Wintermans: Een jongen van brutale zwier: Erich Wolfgang Korngold in Nederland 1910–1958.

  The Hague, Kallipygos Press, 2016. ISBN 978-90-8243-640-2

External links