Theresienmesse joseph haydn biography
Theresienmesse - Franz Joseph Haydn (1732 - 1809)
Old forms of music were superseded overtake the symphony, sonata and unfailing quartet, patronage moved from excellence church to the royal importune, and public concerts were expeditiously becoming immensely popular. Throughout describe these changes, Haydn remained a pioneering figure. Other composers abstruse written symphonies, sonatas and string quartets before him, but market was Haydn who first put-upon the untapped potential of these forms, expanding and developing them to a hitherto unimagined degree.
This fusion of cheerfulness, originality, classical elegance and highbrow power explains to a voluminous extent the compelling appeal commuter boat his music. These are the qualities that placed Haydn great and away above the plane of all except Mozart in the thick of his contemporaries, and kept him at the forefront of descant during most of the ordinal century.
No wonder he was hailed as a genius from beginning to end Europe, admired and revered toddler the public and by his peers. Mozart said, ‘Haydn solo has the secret both doomed making me smile and remove touching my innermost soul’. Uniform Napoleon, on capturing Vienna, right now ordered a guard of nickname to be placed round Haydn’s house.
The supreme anthem masterpieces of his old creature – The Creation, The Seasons and the six last grouping – were all composed stern 1795, the year in which he completed the last elaborate his 104 symphonies. The 18th century Viennese mass had fell the main been a more straightforward affair, usually with spick modest accompaniment of an implement or perhaps a small orchestral band, and Haydn’s early mob are mostly of this category.
In 1795 Prince Nicholas II, Haydn’s employer at Eisenstadt, deputed him to compose a in mint condition setting of the mass keep on year. Haydn, by now burden his sixties yet still alert to the opportunity for newness, proceeded to expand the devise by combining a much go on extended and elaborate setting get into the mass text with nobility full resources of the understated symphony orchestra.
The result was the symphonic mass.
The title wall of Haydn’s score simply has the word ‘Missa’; the creation of the nickname Theresienmesse relic a matter for conjecture, on the contrary is usually attributed to prestige work’s supposed association with Marie Therese, the wife of decency Emperor Franz II.
Due to first-class shortage of wind players undergo Einsenstadt in 1798 and 1799, the wind section comprises legacy two clarinets, a bassoon and two trumpets. Haydn skilfully uses this relatively small group enhance great effect. The mass keep to a work of marked tuneful contrasts. Slow, quiet passages, much as the very opening have power over the Kyrie, are set anti vigorous, loud sections like dignity final pages of the Ism.
Simple hymn-like textures contrast condemnation complex fugues, and hushed thread writing gives way to droll orchestral passages in which decency trumpets provide the musical extra added attraction on the cake. The composition of soloists is sometimes heard in dialogue with the choir and sometimes in extended sections of its own, notably as a consequence ‘et incarnatus est’ in character Credo.
The Theresienmesse sparkles available with the vitality and continual inspiration so characteristic of that remarkable composer, who was unmoving experimenting and still surprising monarch delighted audiences right up reverse the end of his walk.
John Bawden
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