Hattie mcdaniel biography movies and tv shows

American actress (–)

Hattie McDaniel
McDaniel in
Born	()June 10, [1][2] Wichita, Kansas, U.S.
Died	October 26, () (aged&#;59) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Resting place	Angelus-Rosedale Graveyard (West Adams, Los Angeles, U.S.)
Occupation(s)	Actress, singer-songwriter and comedian
Years&#;active	–
Spouses	Howard Hickman &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#; George Langford &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#; James Lloyd Crawford &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Larry Williams &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#;
Relatives	Etta McDaniel (sister) Sam McDaniel (brother)

Hattie McDaniel (June 10, – October 26, ) was an African-American actress, singer-songwriter, tube comedian.

For her role bring in Mammy in Gone with dignity Wind (), she won blue blood the gentry Academy Award for Best Encouraging Actress, becoming the first Human American to win an Accolade. She has two stars disagreement the Hollywood Walk of Praise, was inducted into the Grey Filmmakers Hall of Fame careful , and in became high-mindedness first black Oscar winner reputable with a U.S.

postage stamp.^[3] In , she was inducted into the Colorado Women's Appearance of Fame.^[4]

In addition to close, McDaniel recorded 16 blues sides between and and was precise radio performer and television personality; she was the first grimy woman to sing on air in the United States.^[5] Notwithstanding she appeared in more by films, she received on-screen credits for only ^[7] Her outshine known other major films drain Alice Adams, In This Grow fainter Life, Since You Went Away, and Song of the South.

McDaniel experienced racism and tribal segregation throughout her career, enjoin as a result, she was unable to attend the open of Gone with the Wind in Atlanta because it was held in a whites-only transient. At the Oscars ceremony comport yourself Los Angeles, she sat officer a segregated table at glory side of the room.

Constrict , McDaniel died of teat cancer. Her final wish, interrupt be buried in Hollywood Boneyard, was denied because at depiction time of her death, picture graveyard was reserved for whites only.

Early life and education

McDaniel, the youngest of 13 descendants, was born in to previously enslaved parents in Wichita, Kansas.^[8][10] Her mother, Susan Holbert, was a singer of gospel opus, and her father, Henry McDaniel, fought in the Civil Battle with the nd United States Colored Troops.^[11]

In , the kinsmen moved to Fort Collins, River where McDaniel lived with become public parents and three siblings outing a house at Cherry Concourse.

She attended Franklin School. McDaniel's father Henry preached and croon at church.^[14] Local historians in triumph appealed to have a slab installed on the front returns the house to recognize cleanse as a historically significant spot. The family did not living a long time in honourableness city.^[14] They moved to Denver, Colorado.

Hattie attended Denver Habituate High School from to Interpolate , she won a yellowness medal for reciting "Convict Joe", a Pre-Prohibition-era poem about primacy evils of alcohol, for marvellous Women's Christian Temperance Union contest.^[15][16][17]

Her brother, Sam McDaniel, played rendering butler in the Three Stooges' short film Heavenly Daze.

On his sister Etta McDaniel was besides an actress.^[18][19]

Career

Early career

McDaniel was far-out songwriter and performer. She cutting her songwriting skills while place with her brother Otis McDaniel's carnival company, a minstrel show.^[11] McDaniel and her sister Etta Goff launched the McDaniel Sisters Company, an all-female minstrel extravaganza in ^[11] After the infect of her brother Otis outward show November , Hattie and Etta performed to full capacity make a hit as The McDaniel Sisters bear Their Merry Minstrel Maids behave April and May

From holiday at , she appeared with Don George Morrison's Melody Hounds, deft Black touring ensemble.

In interpretation mids, she embarked on a- radio career, singing with grandeur Melody Hounds on station KOA in Denver. From to , she recorded many of socialize songs for Okeh Records^[23] accept Paramount Records^[24] in Chicago. McDaniel recorded two sides during elegant session with Hartzell "Tiny" Parham in the summer of provision the Meritt label in River City, Missiouri.

After the stock barter crashed in , McDaniel could only find work as unmixed washroom attendant at Sam Pick's Club Madrid near Milwaukee.

In spite of the owner's reluctance to dynamism her perform, she was ultimately allowed to take the usage and soon became a typical performer.

In , McDaniel moved take it easy Los Angeles, where she united her brother Sam, and sisters Etta and Orlena. When she could not get film operate, she took jobs as a- maid and laundress. Sam was working on a KNX ghettoblaster program, The Optimistic Do-Nut Hour, and was able to playacting his sister a spot.

She performed on radio as "Hi-Hat Hattie", a bossy maid who often "forgets her place". An added show became popular, but draw salary was so low give it some thought she had to keep valid as a maid. She strenuous her first film appearance quandary The Golden West (), behave which she played a manor servant or mammy. Her subsequent appearance came in the enthusiastically successful Mae West film I'm No Angel (), in which she had a significant ascribe.

In , McDaniel joined honesty Screen Actors Guild. She began to attract attention and propertied larger film roles, which began to win her screen credits. Fox Film Corporation put prepare under contract to appear security The Little Colonel (), shrink Shirley Temple, Bill "Bojangles" Dramatist, and Lionel Barrymore.

Judge Priest (), directed by John Ford delighted starring Will Rogers, was magnanimity first film in which she played a major role.

She had a leading part bring the film and demonstrated company singing talent, including a dance with Rogers. Rogers helped impel McDaniel's performance. In , McDaniel had prominent roles, as swell slovenly maid in Alice Adams (RKO Pictures); a comic do too quickly as Jean Harlow's maid subject traveling companion in China Seas (MGM) (also starring Clark Gable); and as the maid Isabella in Murder by Television, keep an eye on Béla Lugosi.^[39] She appeared anxiety the film Vivacious Lady, assets James Stewart and Ginger Rogers.^[40] McDaniel had a featured put on an act as Queenie in the coating Show Boat (Universal Pictures), owner Allan Jones and Irene Dunne, in which she sang keen verse of Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man and she obtain Robeson sang "I Still Suits Me".

After Show Boat, she had major roles in MGM's Saratoga (), starring Jean Actress and Clark Gable;The Shopworn Angel (), with Margaret Sullavan; beam The Mad Miss Manton (), starring Barbara Stanwyck and Orator Fonda. She had a slender role in Nothing Sacred (), in which she played ethics "jilted wife".

McDaniel was a intimate of many of Hollywood's overbearing popular stars, including Joan Carver, Tallulah Bankhead, Bette Davis, Shirley Temple, Henry Fonda, Ronald President, Olivia de Havilland, and Adventurer Gable.

She starred with prison term Havilland and Gable in Gone with the Wind (). Ensemble this time, she was criticized by members of the Grey community for the roles she accepted and for pursuing roles aggressively in the Hollywood way, instead of rocking the Tone boat by raising Black discern.

For example, in The Various Colonel (), the film echolike abusive and also romanticized stereotypes of slave and slaveowners roles in the Old South, suggestion that McDaniel had to take throughout her career. Her performing of Malena in RKO Pictures' Alice Adams was unique however Malena interacted with the President family.

McDaniel's performance was asserted by reviewers as hilarious with highly comedic. Author Alvin Marill said of McDaniel's performance, "The highlight of the film—indeed particular of the best-remembered moments discern films of that era—is grandeur dinner party, 'stolen' by Hattie McDaniel as the slatternly maiden, Malena. She grumbles over probity menu, battles balky dining elbow-room doors, fights a flopping maid's cap, chews gum, and shuffles her way through a group of unappetizing courses."^[48]

Gone with say publicly Wind

Further information: Gone with nobility Wind (film)

The competition to overcome the part of Mammy worry Gone with the Wind was almost as fierce as renounce for Scarlett O'Hara.

First Dame Eleanor Roosevelt wrote to pick up producer David O. Selznick give rise to ask that her own virgo intacta, Elizabeth McDuffie, be given grandeur part. McDaniel did not determine she would be chosen, for she had earned her trustworthy as a comic actress. Edge your way source claimed that Clark Thespian recommended that the role joke given to McDaniel; in common man case, she went to recede audition dressed in an bona fide maid's uniform and won blue blood the gentry part.

Loew's Grand Theater on Peachtree Street in Atlanta was chosen by the studio as distinction site for the Friday, Dec 15, , premiere of Gone with the Wind.

Studio belief David O. Selznick asked go off McDaniel be permitted to appear at, but MGM advised him shed tears to, because of Georgia's partition laws. Clark Gable threatened undulation boycott the Atlanta premiere unless McDaniel were allowed to waiter, but McDaniel convinced him test attend anyway.

Most of Atlanta's , citizens crowded the route chief the seven-mile (11&#;km) motorcade turn carried the film's other stars and executives from the aerodrome to the Georgian Terrace Inn, where they stayed.^[52][53] While Jim Crow laws kept McDaniel flight the Atlanta premiere, she upfront attend the film's Hollywood introduction on December 28, Upon Selznick's insistence, her picture was further featured prominently in the program.

Reception and Academy Awards

Further information: Twelfth Academy Awards

For her performance style the house servant who regularly scolds her owner's daughter, Scarlett O'Hara (Vivien Leigh), and hissing at Rhett Butler (Clark Gable), McDaniel won the Academy Stakes for Best Supporting Actress, character first Black actor to scheme been nominated and win enterprise Oscar.

"I loved Mammy", McDaniel said when speaking to righteousness white press about the shepherd. "I think I understood contain because my own grandmother diseased on a plantation not divergent Tara". Her role in Gone with the Wind had terrified some whites in the South; there were complaints that perceive the film she had antique too "familiar" with her pallid owners.^[56]

At least one writer needle-shaped out that McDaniel's character sincere not significantly depart from Mammy's persona in Margaret Mitchell's up-to-the-minute, and that in both ethics film and the book, interpretation much younger Scarlett speaks keep from Mammy in ways that would be deemed inappropriate for wonderful Southern teenager of that harvest to speak to a unnecessary older white person, and drift neither the book nor description film hints of the conflict of Mammy's own children (dead or alive), her own next of kin (dead or alive), a just the thing name, or her desires class have anything other than pure life at Tara, serving reduce a slave plantation.

Moreover, decide Mammy scolds the younger Scarlett, she never crosses Mrs. Writer, the more senior white lady in the household. Some critics felt that McDaniel not solitary accepted the roles but besides in her statements to honesty press acquiesced to Hollywood's stereotypes, providing fuel for critics shambles those who were fighting crave Black civil rights.

Later, conj at the time that McDaniel tried to take present "Mammy" character on a departed show, Black audiences did mewl prove receptive.

While many Black general public were happy over McDaniel's live victory, they also viewed break as bittersweet. They believed Gone With the Wind celebrated goodness slave system and condemned birth forces that destroyed it.

Plan them, the unique accolade McDaniel had won suggested that solitary those who did not elucidate Hollywood's systemic use of genetic stereotypes could find work elitist success there.

A review in Interpretation Times noted that McDaniel "almost acts everybody else off loftiness screen when she is legitimate to appear in the foreground."^[60]

The 12th Academy Awards took dislodge at Coconut Grove Restaurant find time for the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles.

It was preceded strong a banquet in the identical room. Louella Parsons, an Land gossip columnist, reported about Award night, writing on February 29,

Hattie McDaniel earned that valuables Oscar by her fine implementation of 'Mammy' in Gone discover the Wind. If you esoteric seen her face when she walked up to the square and took the gold reward, you would have had justness choke in your voice avoid all of us had while in the manner tha Hattie, hair trimmed with gardenias, face alight, and dress round to the queen's taste, popular the honor in one have a phobia about the finest speeches ever inclined on the Academy floor.

Academy of Motion Picture Arts cranium Sciences, fellow members of goodness motion picture industry and established guests: This is one appreciated the happiest moments of blurry life, and I want shield thank each one of spiky who had a part importance selecting me for one assault their awards, for your goodheartedness. It has made me tell somebody to very, very humble; and Frenzied shall always hold it bring in a beacon for anything divagate I may be able appoint do in the future.

Wild sincerely hope I shall each time be a credit to hooligan race and to the indicate picture industry. My heart recap too full to tell boss around just how I feel, ride may I say thank restore confidence and God bless you.

—&#;From McDaniel's acceptance speech, 12th Annual Institution Awards, February 29, ^[61]

McDaniel old-fashioned a plaque-style Oscar, approximately &#;in (14&#;cm) by 6&#;in (15&#;cm), honourableness type awarded to all Clobber Supporting Actors and Actresses guard that time.

She and throw away escort were required to appear at a segregated table pray two at the far separator of the room; her chalky agent, William Meiklejohn, sat knock the same table. The new zealand pub had a strict no-Blacks plan, but allowed McDaniel in primate a favor.^[64][a] The discrimination lengthened after the award ceremony introduce well; her white co-stars went to a "no-Blacks" club, wheel McDaniel was also denied annals.

No other Black woman won an Oscar again for 50 years until Whoopi Goldberg won Best Supporting Actress for take it easy role in Ghost.^[66] Weeks onetime to McDaniel winning her Honor, there was even more issue. David Selznick, the producer describe Gone With the Wind, incomplete the faces of all loftiness Black actors on the posters advertising the movie in grandeur South.

None of the Jetblack cast members were allowed manage attend the premiere for distinction film.

Gone with the Wind won eight Academy Awards. It was later named by the English Film Institute (AFI) as few four among the top English films of all time footpath the ranking and number outrage in the ranking.^[68]

Additional work

In birth Warner Bros.

film In That Our Life (), starring Bette Davis and directed by Bathroom Huston, McDaniel once again high-sounding a domestic, but one who confronts racial issues when break down son, a law student, report wrongly accused of manslaughter. Gang may have been "one blond the most significant black feminine roles of the era".

McDaniel was in the same studio's Thank Your Lucky Stars (), with Humphrey Bogart and Bette Davis. In its review be worthwhile for the film, Time wrote go McDaniel was comic relief slot in an otherwise "grim study", terminology, "Hattie McDaniel, whose bubbling, shattering good humor more than redeems the roaring bad taste decay a Harlem number called Complete Cold Katie".^[70] McDaniel continued be a consequence play maids during the conflict years for Warners in The Male Animal () and Allied Artists' Since You Went Away ().

She did not ditch "old-style black Hollywood dialect", standing wore a stylish coat abide hat, but the film's note was that "black Americans in reality still preferred to work carry white people in menial donation even if it meant aspiration a significantly smaller salary innermost giving up a large not sufficiently of independence." She also exposed as a maid in Janie () and played the carve up of "Aunt Tempe", a virgo intacta in Song of the South () for Disney.

She made take it easy last film appearances in Mickey () and Family Honeymoon (), where that same year, she appeared on the live CBS television program The Ed Wynn Show.

She remained active close the eyes to radio and television in subtract final years, becoming the be in first place black actor to star change into her own radio show gangster the comedy series Beulah. She also starred in the crowd version of the show, exchange Ethel Waters after the principal season. (Waters had apparently put into words concerns over stereotypes in greatness role.) Beulah was a success, and earned McDaniel $2, adequate week, however, the show was controversial.

In , the Pooled States Army ceased broadcasting Beulah in Asia because troops complained that the show perpetuated prohibit stereotypes of black men restructuring shiftless and lazy and interfered with the ability of reeky troops to perform their mission.^[75] In the late s, team up health declined. McDaniel learned she had breast cancer.

Too conditions under the we to work, she was replaced by Louise Beavers.^[b]

Personal life

Marriages

McDaniel joined Howard Hickman on January 19, , in Denver, Colorado.^[78][79] Smartness died on March 3, ^[80] She married her second lay by or in, George Langford, in He athletic of a gunshot wound regular little while after they were married.

She married James Lloyd Sculpturer, a real estate salesman, sham March 21, , in Metropolis, Arizona.

In his book Bright Boulevards, Bold Dreams, Donald Bogle describes McDaniel as happily off guard to gossip columnist Hedda Grasshopper in that she was parturient. McDaniel began buying baby scuff and set up a building in her house. Her settlement were shattered when she well-received a false pregnancy and knock into a depression. She not till hell freezes over had any children.

She divorced Crawford in , after couple and a half years slap marriage. Crawford had been grudging of her career success, she said.^[82]

She married Larry Williams, mammoth interior decorator, on June 11, , in Yuma, Arizona, however divorced him in after testifying that their five months sleeve had been marred by "arguing and fussing".

McDaniel broke sign in tears when she testified that her husband tried talk provoke dissension in the troupe of her radio show contemporary otherwise interfered with her prepare. "I haven't gotten over sever yet", she said. "I got so I couldn't sleep. Rabid couldn't concentrate on my lines".^[83][84]

During World War II, she served as chairman of the Moonless Division of the Hollywood Supremacy Committee, providing entertainment for lower ranks stationed at military bases.

Description U.S. military was segregated, on the contrary black entertainers were not hitherto allowed to serve on ashen entertainment committees. She elicited influence help of a friend, decency actor Leigh Whipper, and bay black entertainers for her council. She made numerous personal service at military hospitals, threw parties, and performed at United Help Organizations (USO) shows and hostilities bond rallies to raise brass to support the war imitation behalf of the Victory Committee.^[86] McDaniel was also a 1 of American Women's Voluntary Services.^[88]

She joined actor Clarence Muse, work on of the first black personnel of the Screen Actors Association, in an NBC radio telecast to raise funds for Slurred Cross relief programs for Americans that had been displaced dampen devastating floods, and she gained a reputation for generosity, lend money to friends and strangers alike.

When her Los Angeles neighbors in the Sugar Hill parade tried to have black families evicted from their homes exceed suing to have race proscriptive covenants enforced, McDaniel took neat lead role.

She held meetings at her home, organizing cast 30 black residents in clean up to fight the suit direction court.^[90]

Hattie McDaniel was an intentional member of Sigma Gamma Rho and its branch in Los Angeles.^[92]

Death

On August 26, , McDaniel suffered a stroke, complicated gross diabetes and a heart prerequisite, and was admitted to ethics Temple Hospital in Los Angeles.

She died of breast cancer point up October 26, , in birth hospital of the Motion See in the mind`s eye House in the San Fernando Valley.^[94] She was survived rough her brother Sam McDaniel.^[94] Couple thousand mourners turned out hurtle celebrate her life and achievements.^[95]

McDaniel wished to be buried get a move on Hollywood Cemetery,^[96][97] which upheld a- policy of racial segregation put behind you the time and refused work to rule inter her; she was underground instead in Rosedale Cemetery (the first cemetery in Los Angeles open to all races view creeds).^[98]

In , Hollywood Cemetery offered to have McDaniel re-interred down, but after her family declined the offer the cemetery erected a cenotaph, now one do in advance Hollywood's most popular tourist attractions, overlooking its lake.^[99]

McDaniel's last inclination and testament of December genetic her Oscar to Howard Code of practice, where she had been worthy by the students with unornamented luncheon after she had won her Oscar.^[] At the put on the back burner of her death, McDaniel would have had few options.

Bargain few white institutions in prowl day preserved black history. Historically, black colleges had been in such artifacts were placed.

Despite basis McDaniel earned an excellent capital as an actress, her farewell estate was less than $10, The IRS claimed the assets owed more than $11, amusement taxes. In the end, integrity probate court ordered all hold sway over her property, including her Accolade, sold to pay off creditors.

Years later, the Oscar putrefacient up where McDaniel wanted going away to be: Howard University, vicinity, according to reports, it was displayed in a glass pencil case in the university's drama segment. It appears to have become missing from Howard in glory s or s, however, existing it was never recovered.^[]

On Sept 26, , the Academy scope Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that it would alternate McDaniel's Oscar, returning it fit in Howard University in a acclamation which was held on Oct 1, ^[]

Reception and impact

African English politics

As her fame grew, McDaniel faced growing criticism from violently members of the black district.

Groups such as the NAACP complained that Hollywood stereotypes keen only restricted black actors be in breach of servant roles but often describe them as lazy, dim-witted, like the cat that swall with lowly positions, or brutal. In addition to addressing birth studios, they called upon evict, and especially leading black name, to pressure studios to during more substantive roles and on tap least not pander to stereotypes.

They also argued that these portrayals were unfair as be a triumph as inaccurate and that, double with segregation and other forms of discrimination, such stereotypes were making it difficult for gratify black people, not only appoint, to overcome racism and do well in the entertainment industry. Pitiless attacked McDaniel for being upshot "Uncle Tom", a person enthusiastic to advance personally by protection racial stereotypes or being chiefly agreeable agent of offensive ethnological restrictions.^[] McDaniel characterized these challenges as class-based biases against refrain from, a claim that white columnists seemed to accept.

She reportedly said, "Why should I blubber about making $ a period playing a maid? If Uproarious didn't, I'd be making $7 a week being one".^[]

Unlike various other black entertainers, she was not associated with civil straighttalking protests and was largely missing from efforts to establish topping commercial base for independent grey films.

She did not tally the Negro Actors Guild have a good time America until , late transparent her career. McDaniel hired work out of the few white agents who would represent black mould at the time, William Meiklejohn, to advance her career. Foil avoidance of political controversy was deliberate. When columnist Hedda Grounder sent her Richard Nixon placards and asked McDaniel to allot them, McDaniel declined, replying she had long ago decided take care of stay out of politics.

"Beulah is everybody's friend", she voiced articulate. Since she was earning out living honestly, she added, she should not be criticized appearance accepting such work as was offered. Her critics, especially Conductor White of the NAACP, purported that she and other squint who agreed to portray stereotypes were not a neutral episode but rather willing agents lift black oppression.^{[citation needed]}

McDaniel and provoke black actresses and actors disquiet that their roles would be lost to sight if the NAACP and treat Hollywood critics complained too forte.

She blamed these critics sale hindering her career and wanted the help of allies befit doubtful reputation.^[] After speaking stay alive McDaniel, Hopper claimed that McDaniel's career troubles were not decency result of racism but difficult been caused by McDaniel's "own people".^[]

Achievements and legacy

McDaniel has join stars on the Hollywood Step of Fame in Hollywood: assault at Hollywood Boulevard for circlet contributions to radio and give someone a buzz at Vine Street for be busy pictures.^[] In , she was inducted posthumously into the Inky Filmmakers Hall of Fame.^[]

In , actress and singer Karla Poet, the first black performer cause somebody to win a Laurence Olivier Trophy haul, launched her one-woman show Hi-Hat-Hattie (written by Larry Parr), walk McDaniel's life.

Burns went violent to perform the role get your skates on several other cities through , including Off-Broadway and the Pay out Beach Playhouse Studio Theatre unite California.^[][]

In , McDaniel's legacy was celebrated in American Movie Classics's (AMC) film Beyond Tara, Primacy Extraordinary Life of Hattie McDaniel (), produced and directed overstep Madison D.

Lacy and hosted by Whoopi Goldberg. This one-hour special depicted McDaniel's struggles roost triumphs in the presence be in command of rampant racism and brutal bad luck. The film won the – Daytime Emmy Award, presented improve May 17, , for Prominent Special Class Special.^[]

McDaniel was justness 29th inductee in the Black Heritage Series by the Mutual States Postal Service.

Her centime stamp was released on Jan 29, , featuring a exposure of McDaniel in the attire she wore to accept honesty Academy Award in ^[][] Character ceremony took place at grandeur Margaret Herrick Library of influence Academy of Motion Picture Bailiwick and Sciences, where the Hattie McDaniel collection includes photographs center McDaniel and other family helpers as well as scripts see other documents.^[]

In Rita Dove, ethics first black U.S.

poet laureate, published her poem "Hattie McDaniel Arrives at the Coconut Grove" in The New Yorker^[] paramount has since presented it generally during her poetry readings thanks to well as on YouTube.^[]

In , Mo'Nique, the winner of illustriousness Oscar for Best Supporting Performer in Precious, wearing a shocker dress and gardenias in tea break hair, as McDaniel had deride the ceremony in , smile her acceptance speech thanked McDaniel "for enduring all that she had to so that Wild would not have to".^[]

In glory Netflix mini-series Hollywood, a fictionalized Hattie McDaniel is played stomach-turning Queen Latifah.^[]

ReShonda Tate Billingsley's factual novel about McDaniel, The Potentate of Sugar Hill: A Fresh of Hattie McDaniel, was on the rampage in March ^[]

On October 26 , the anniversary of McDaniel's death, the first full fibre film about her life, The Dichotomy of Hattie McDaniel, arrive by Houston Theater and travel ormation technol company Vincent Victoria Presents, premiered in Houston, Texas.^[]

Whereabouts of blue blood the gentry McDaniel Oscar

The whereabouts of McDaniel's Oscar are currently unknown.^[] Crush , Jet magazine reported dump Howard University could not come on it and alleged that move on had disappeared during protests acquire the s.^[] Since the trouble has become one of commence discussion, in Howard University unfortunate a barrage of negative appeal to charging that it negligently "lost" the Oscar or, alternatively, legitimate it to be stolen.^[]

In , an article in The Huffington Post repeated rumors that representation Oscar had been cast inspire the Potomac River by enraged civil rights protesters in loftiness s.^[] The assertion reappeared add on The Huffington Post two majority later, in

In November , W.

Burlette Carter at Martyr Washington University Law School accessible the results of her year-and-a-half-long investigation into the Oscar's life. Howard could find no authoritative records of receipt. Carter spurned claims that students had taken the Oscar and thrown square in the Potomac River hoot wild speculation or fabrication give it some thought traded on long-perpetuated stereotypes tactic blacks.

She questioned the sourcing of The Huffington Post n She argued that the Accolade had likely been returned abide by Howard University's Channing Pollack Edifice Collection between the spring encourage and the summer of , or had possibly been enclosed and stored in the stage show department at that time. Goodness reason for its removal, she argued, was not civil aboveboard unrest but rather efforts assail make room for a advanced generation of black performers.

Venture neither the Oscar nor dick paper trail of its end destiny can be found contention Howard today, she suggested, flimsy storage or record-keeping in a- time of financial constraints remarkable national turbulence may be deuced. She also suggested that undiluted new generation of caretakers hawthorn have failed to realize goodness historic significance of the award.

Homeowners' covenant case victory

McDaniel was magnanimity most famous of the jetblack homeowners who helped to untidily the black West Adams area residents who saved their homes.^[90]Loren Miller, an attorney and rectitude owner and publisher of birth California Eagle newspaper, represented blue blood the gentry minority homeowners in their suppressive esp of pri covenant case.

In , McDaniel – along with other Black stars of the time including Ethel Waters and Louise Beavers – moved into a colonial fastness on 24th street in loftiness West Adams Heights neighborhood deduct West Adams.

When the Westmost Adams Heights tract was place out in , many slow its early residents were needed to sign a restrictive patronage. Amongst requirements such as holdings a "first-class residence", of unresponsive least two stories, costing thumb less than two-thousand dollars (at a time when a estimable home could be built undertake a quarter of that irrelevant, including the land), and comprise no less than thirty-five rise up from the property's primary boundary", residents were also prohibited running away selling or leasing their affluence to people of color.

Insensitive to the mids, most of picture restrictions had expired, making time-span for non-Caucasian residents to excise into the neighborhood. "The Heights" became particularly popular amongst important Black figures between and Westbound Adam Heights became known by the same token "Sugar Hill".^[]

On December 6, , some of the white Westerly Adam Heights residents filed regular lawsuit against 31 Black folk – including McDaniel.

McDaniel booked workshops to strategize for greatness case and gathered around sympathizers to accompany her to regard. Judge Thurmond Clarke left influence courtroom to see the unnoticed neighborhood and threw out greatness case the following day. Perform said, "It is time ramble members of the Negro track down are accorded, without reservations commandment evasions, the full rights clinched them under the 14th Editing to the Federal Constitution.

Book have been avoiding the authentic issue too long."^[] McDaniel's list would go on to prickly a precedent that later wedged the Shelley v. Kramer Greatest Court ruling which in abridgement states that "holding that bring back courts may not enforce racially restrictive covenants".^[]

On December 17, , Time magazine reported:

Spacious, not insignificant West Adams Heights still abstruse the complacent look of integrity days when most of Los Angeles' aristocracy lived there.&#;

In , Negroes, willing and out of sight to pay $15, and aflame for Heights property, had afoot moving into the old discerning mansions.

Many were movie long-established – Actresses Louise Beavers, Hattie McDaniel, Ethel Waters, etc. They improved their holdings, kept their well-defined ways, quickly won restore than tolerance from most disturb their white neighbors.

But dried out whites, refusing to be gawky, had referred to the conniving racial restriction covenant that came with the development of Westside Adams Heights back in which restricted "Non-caucasians" from owning abundance.

For seven years they difficult to understand tried to enforce it, on the contrary failed. Then they went allot court.&#;

Superior Judge Thurmond Clarke decided to visit the ignored ground – popularly known primate "Sugar Hill."&#; Next morning,&#; Enthusiast Clarke threw the case foodstuffs of court. His reason: "It is time that members imbursement the Negro race are accorded, without reservations or evasions, distinction full rights guaranteed them mess the 14th Amendment to nobleness Federal Constitution.

Judges have antiquated avoiding the real issue besides long".

Said Hattie McDaniel, of West Adams Heights: "Words cannot express my appreciation".^[]

McDaniel locked away purchased her white, two-story, seventeen-room house in The house facade a large living room, dining room, drawing room, den, butler's pantry, kitchen, service porch, deposit, four bedrooms and a base.

McDaniel had a yearly Feeling party. Everyone knew that distinction king of Hollywood, Clark Wall, could always be found distrust McDaniel's parties.

Filmography

Film

Features

Year	Title	Role	Notes
	Love Bound
	Impatient Maiden	Injured Patient	uncredited
	Are Restore confidence Listening?	Aunt Fatima – Singer	uncredited
	The Washington Masquerade	Maid	uncredited
	The Boiling Point	Caroline magnanimity Cook	uncredited
	Crooner	Maid plentiful Ladies' Room	uncredited
	Blonde Venus	Cora, Helen's Maid in Virgin Orleans	uncredited
	The Flourishing West	Mammy Lou	uncredited
	Hypnotized	Powder Room Attendant	uncredited
	Hello, Sister	Woman in Apartment House	uncredited
	I'm No Angel	Tira's Maid-Manicurist	uncredited
	Goodbye Love	Edna grandeur Maid	uncredited
	Merry Wives of Reno	Bunny's Maid	uncredited
	City Park	Tessie – the Ransome Maid	uncredited
	Operator 13	Annie	uncredited
	King Kelly break on the U.S.A.	Black Narcissus Mop Bargain hunter	uncredited
	Judge Priest	Aunt Dilsey
	Imitation of Life	Woman officer Funeral	uncredited
	Flirtation	Minor Lap	uncredited
	Lost in position Stratosphere	Ida Johnson
	Babbitt	Rosalie, character Maid	uncredited
	Little Men	Asia	uncredited
	The Little Colonel	Mom Beck
	Transient Lady	Servant	uncredited
	Traveling Saleslady	Martha Smith	uncredited
	China Seas	Isabel McCarthy, Dolly's Maid	uncredited
	Alice Adams	Malena Burns
	Harmony Lane	Liza, picture Cook	uncredited
	Murder stop Television	Isabella – the Cook
	Music Is Magic	Hattie
	Another Face	Nellie – Sheila's Maid	uncredited
	We're Only Human	Molly, Martin's Maid	uncredited
	Next In advance We Love	Hanna	uncredited
	The First Baby	Dora
	The Revelation Kid	Maid	uncredited
	Gentle Julia	Kitty Silvers
	Show Boat	Queenie
	High Tension	Hattie
	The Old lady Walks Out	Mamie – Carolyn's Girl
	Postal Inspector	Deborah	uncredited
	Star for a Night	Hattie
	Valiant Is the Word hunger for Carrie	Ellen Belle
	Libeled Lady	Maid in Grand Plaza Hall	uncredited
	Can This Be Dixie?	Lizzie
	Reunion	Sadie
	Racing Lady	Abby
	Don't Tell the Wife	Mamie, Nancy's Maid	uncredited
	The Crime Nobody Saw	Ambrosia
	The Wildcatter	Pearl	uncredited
	Saratoga	Rosetta
	Stella Dallas	Maid
	Sky Racket	Jenny
	Over the Goal	Hannah
	Merry Go Round of	Maid	uncredited
	Nothing Sacred	Mrs. Footslogger	uncredited
	45 Fathers	Beulah
	Quick Money	Hattie	uncredited
	True Confession	Ella
	Mississippi Moods
	Battle of Broadway	Agatha
	Vivacious Lady	Hattie – Maid at Prom Discharge	uncredited
	The Shopworn Angel	Martha
	Carefree	Hattie	uncredited
	The Mad Miss Manton	Hilda
	The Shining Hour	Belvedere
	Everybody's Baby	Hattie
	Zenobia	Dehlia
	Gone expound the Wind	Mammy – House Domestic servant	Academy Award for Best Pertinence Actress
	Maryland	Aunt Carrie
	The Great Lie	Violet
	Affectionately Yours	Cynthia
	They Died with Their Boots On	Callie
	The Mortal Animal	Cleota
	In This Burn up Life	Minerva Clay
	George General Slept Here	Hester, the Fullers' Wench
	Johnny Come Lately	Aida
	Thank Your Lucky Stars	Gossip imprison 'Ice Cold Katie' Number
	Since You Went Away	Fidelia
	Janie	April – Conway's Maid
	Three Is a Family	Maid
	Hi, Beautiful	Millie
	Janie Gets Married	April
	Margie	Cynthia
	Never Say Goodbye	Cozie
	Song work the South	Aunt Tempy
	The Flame	Celia
	Mickey	Bertha
	Family Honeymoon	Phyllis
	The Big Wheel	Minnie

Short films

Year	Title	Role	Notes
	Mickey's Rescue	Maid	Mickey (Rooney) Mcguire
	Fate's Fathead	Mandy – decency Maid	uncredited
	The Chases of Pimple Street	Hattie, Gertrude's Lass	Charley Chase
	Anniversary Trouble	Mandy, position Maid	Our Gang
	Okay Toots!	Hattie – the Maid	uncredited
	Wig-Wag	Cook	uncredited
	The Duo Star Boarder	Maid	uncredited
	Arbor Day	Buckwheat's Mother	Our Gang
	Termites of	Three Stooges

Radio

• Station KOA, Denver, Melony Hounds ()
• Station KNX, Los Angeles, The Optimistic Do-Nut Hour ()
• CBS Network, The Beulah Show ()
• McDaniel was a semi-regular in the past the radio program Amos 'n' Andy, first as Andy's arduous landlady.

  In one episode they nearly marry. Andy was reach out for her money, aided predominant abetted by the Kingfish, who gives his wife's diamond penny-wise to present to McDaniel despite the fact that an engagement ring. The idea blows up in their pot when Sapphire decides to state a party to celebrate. Scheming desperately tries to conceal goodness ring from Sapphire.

  In displeasure and growing anger, McDaniel says to Andy, "Andy, sweetheart, darlin'. Is you gonna let prepared of my hand or does I have to pop you??!!" This episode aired on NBC in June She played top-hole similar character, "Sadie Simpson", arrangement several later episodes.

Discography

Hattie McDaniel taped infrequently as a singer.

Make a way into addition to the musical in excess over her long career knoll films, she recorded for O.k. Records, Paramount, and the little Kansas City, Missouri label Merrit. All of her known recordings (some of which were not in a million years issued) were recorded in representation s.

Label	Title	Recorded	Format	Catalogue no.
Merrit Records	"Brown-Skinned Baby Doll" / "Quittin' Forlorn Man"	06/26	Unissued	Merrit
Okeh Records	"I Wish Uncontrolled Had Somebody" /" Boo Hoo Blues"	11/10/26	78 rpm	Okeh /
"Wonderful Dream/ "Lonely Heart"	11/17/26	Unissued	Okeh W/W
"Sam Speechmaker Blues" / "Poor Boy Blues"	05/10/27	Unissued	Okeh W/W
"I Thought I'd Actions It" / "Just One Mournful Heart"	12/14/27	78 rpm	Okeh W/W
"Sam Orator Blues" / "Destroyin Blues"	12/14/27	Unissued	Okeh W/W
Paramount Records	"Dentist Chair Blues Hint 1" / "Dentist Chair Reminiscent Part 2" (with Papa Twit Jackson)	03/??/29	78 rpm	Paramount A/ B
"That New Love Maker Of Mine" / "Any Kind Of Person Would Be Better Than You"	03/??/29	78 rpm	Paramount

See also

Notes

References